THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



167 



owns whole towns, and employs hundreds 

 of white men and women in his factories 

 and canneries. He owns ranches, city real 

 estate, gold mines and diamonds; he runs 

 lottery games; he imports laborers; he 

 conducts a real estate business; and he 

 has several merchandise stores in "'San 

 Francisco. He is a self made man and 

 very shrewd and progressive. He came to 

 America in the steerage as a lad, and 

 went to work in a kitchen. He married a 

 white woman, and with their sayings they 

 originated a 'little lottery' business in San 

 Francisco. He was largely patronized by 

 Americans, and soon grew rich enough to 

 become a merchant also. From this be- 

 ginning he developed into a commercial 

 and political power. He is called 'Big 

 Jim' on account of his size. He is six feet 

 tall, and a well-proportioned, good-looking 

 man. In business he is regarded as the 

 soul of honor. His wardrobe is magnificent 

 and several valets are needed to care for 

 it." 



WINDMILLS AND PROGRESS. 

 Under this head the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey sends out an interesting 

 sketch. "In Holland," says this bulletin, 

 ^'windmills are used to get rid of water; in 

 America they are employed to produce it." 

 Out on the great plains in Kansas, Dakota, 

 Iowa and the adjoining states, an ideal 

 place for windmills where the country lies 



flat and the winds sweep uninterrupted for 

 miles, the landscape is fairly dotted with 

 them. A number of the larger ones grind 

 corn or do other similar work, but the ma- 

 jority are engaged in pumping up water, 

 for the needs of the stock and the irriga- 

 tion of the land, from the exhaustless sup- 

 ply below the ground. An esiimate has 

 recently been made of the capacity of a 

 windmill running ten hours a day for six 

 months. It was found that an average 

 wheel, twelve feet in diameter, with the 

 wind blowing sixteen miles an hour, is ca- 

 pable of pumping 1,920 gallons an hour, 

 19,200 in a day of ten hours, 576, 000 each 

 month, and 3,456,000 gallons in six months. 

 This is the work of only one windmill. Add 

 to it the work of hundreds and thousands 

 of others, and realize the vast amount of 

 water brought into use by this means. It 

 is difficult to appreciate the significance of 

 this work an* the value of the windmill as 

 a factor in the development of the country. 

 It means, in the first place, an abundance 

 of water for stock and irrigating purposes, 

 and water always means a great increase in 

 the productiveness of the land. This is 

 followed by an increase in values and the 

 possibilities of larger population, bigger 

 crops and better prices, and more business 

 and increased earnings for the transporta- 

 tion lines. This is what the windmills ar 

 helping to do in America. 



THE SHUART EARTH GRADERS. 



These machines rapidly and cheaply 

 reduce the most uneven land to perfect 

 surface for the application of water. 

 Made in several different styles. On 

 the No. 3 style the blade can be worked 

 diagonally, as well as straight across, 

 thus adapting it to throwing up and 

 ditches, etc. For descriptive circulars and 



B. F. SHUART, Oberliti, Ohio. 



distributing borders, 

 price, address, 



