THE IRRIGATION AGE. 



201 



takes place. Mr. Drummond's measure- 

 ments lead him to the following conclu- 

 sions: "There are difficulties in the way 

 of delivering absolutely exact quantities 

 of water, and these quantities cannot bo 

 measured out as a pound of tea is weighed 

 over the counter. The definition of the 

 module or unit, however, should be cor- 

 rect within reasonable limit of error. If 

 it is a definition of a single miner's inch 

 from an orifice of one square inch, it should 

 go no farther. If the inch is defined as 

 being some practical part of the discharge 

 from a larger orifice, it should go no far- 

 ther than the capacity of that orifice, and, 

 as it is an unknown quantity to the out- 

 side world, the discharge should be given 

 in cubic feet per minute. Convenient dis- 

 charges are 1} and two cubic feet. The 

 flow under low heads is irregular. Heads 

 of one foot or more are not convenient, 

 because the water is delivered from ditches 

 or flumes, where the depth of water is 

 never great. The question thus resolves 

 itself into a choice of a standard module 

 or unit from a flow under two conditions: 

 1. With a low head of 6] inches above the 

 center of the orifice, giving a discharge of 

 1? cubic feet per minute, with the advan- 

 tage that it is already partially recognized 

 as the miner's inch, and with the disad- 

 vantage that the flow is irregular. 2. With 

 a head of Hi inches above the center of 

 the orifice, and a discharge of two cubic 

 feet per minute, the flow being much more 

 irregular, but the quantity being dis- 

 charged now to the people." .Definitions 

 of both inches are given, but the author 

 favors the last. 



Definition No. 1 of Miner's Inch. The 

 water taken into a ditch or sluice shall be 

 measured at the ditch or sluice head. It 

 shall be taken from the main ditch, flume 

 or canal through a box or reservoir ar- 

 ranged at the side. The orifice shall be 

 fixed vertically at right angles to the de- 

 livering water-way and the edges and cor- 

 ners shall be sharp. The vein shall be 



fully contracted. The distance between 

 the sides and bottom of the orifice and the 

 sides and bottom of the waterway shall be 

 at least three times the dimensions of the 

 orifice. The orifice shall discharge freely 

 into air. 



No. 2. One miner's inch of water shall 

 mean one-quarter of the quantity which 

 will discharge through an orifice two 

 inches wide and two inches thick, made in 

 a two-inch plank, planed and made smooth. 

 The water shall have a constant head of 7i 

 inches above'the center of the orifice. It 

 shall mean a discharge of 1 cubic feet 

 per minute. 



A PROBLEM ILLUSTRATED 

 No. 1. 



GRAIN BUYEE. The top price for No. 2 Corn 

 to-day is 38 c. Your load weighs 3180 Ibs.. 

 net. Take a seat while I am figuring it up. 



PAEMER. (Calculator in hand), O, I've got 

 it already; I had on 56 bus. and 44 Ibs., and 

 it comes to $21.58. (Seepages 16 & 37.) 



In like manner, the correct answer to nearly 

 every conceivable problem is instantly found. 



From Ropp's Commercial Calculator, 

 125 page book, given free with one years' 

 subscription to the IRRIGATION AGE. See 

 advertisement on another page. 



WILL ADD TO THE WEALTH. 



If the amended irrigation bill, now un- 

 der consideration, becomes a law, a start 

 will have been made in the task of re- 

 claiming the vast arid territory in the west- 

 ern part of the country. The lands in 

 question will support an immense popula- 

 tion, add greatly to the wealth and pro- 

 ductive resources of the country, and af- 

 ford a market for a large quantity of man- 

 ufactured goods. 



