The Sources of Nectar and Pollen 



393 



Asters, Sunflower, Spanish Needle, Sage Brush, Fireweed, 

 Thistle, Canada Thistle and Spikeweed. This is a most 

 important family from the standpoint of the beekeeper. 



Thoroughwort ; see Boneset. 



Tickseed ; see Spanish Needle. 



Tiliaceae ; see Linden family. 



Ti-ti, leatherwood, iron-wood, Cyrilla racemiflora. Evergreen shrub 

 to 35 feet, flowers small, white in narrow racemes. May- 

 July, February-March in Florida. Honey red, flavor strong, 

 good only for baking. Virginia to Florida to Texas, of value 

 chiefly in Georgia and Florida. Not a reliable source, as the 

 nectar is washed out by rains, which are frequent during 

 blooming period in Florida. Precedes tupelo in Appalachicola 

 region. Black ti-ti, Cliftonia sp., blooms later and is more 

 reliable. 



Tobacco, Nicotina Tabacum. Nectar locally, especially in Con- 

 necticut, honey fair. 



Tree of heaven ; see Ailanthus. 



Trumpet-creeper family, Bignoniacese ; see Catalpa and Desert 

 WUlow. 



Tule, Scirpus sp. 

 Reported as a 

 honey-plant 

 from interior 

 valleys of Cal- 

 ifornia ; proba- 

 bly incorrect. 



Tulip or yellow 

 poplar, poplar, 

 white wood, 

 cucumber tree, 

 tulip tree, Li- 

 riodendron Tu~ 

 lipifera (Fig. 

 160). Tree to 

 175 feet, flow- 

 ers 2 inches 

 wide, resem- 

 bling tulips, 

 greenish yel- 

 low, orange 



inside. May-June. Honey dark amber, of pronounced 

 flavor. In woods, eastern half of United States. Especially 

 abundant in Ohio Valley and southern Appalachian moun- 

 tains. An unusually heavy and reliable yielder. 



FIG. 160. Tulip poplar. 



