394 



Beekeeping 



Tulip tree ; see Tulip Poplar. 



Tupelo, sour gum, Nyssa spp. Trees to 100 feet, leaves oval or 

 acute or slightly toothed (N. aquatica). April-June. Honey 

 of fine quality, light amber, rarely granulating, flavor mild 

 but characteristic. Swamps of eastern United States, west to 

 Missouri and Texas, especially abundant in Florida, Alabama 

 and Georgia. The honey from tupelos is of especial value in 

 blending extracted-honeys for table trade because of its slow- 

 ness in granulating. There are four species of Nyssa of value 

 to the beekeeper. Tupelo, N. aquatica, is found abundantly 

 in southern swamps, especially along the Appalachicola River. 

 Secretes so abundantly that it will support thousands of 

 colonies. Sour gum, 2V". sylvatica, is found farther north and 

 with N. Mflora furnishes abundant nectar. In abundance of 

 nectar these trees equal the basswood. 



Ulmaceae ; see Elm family. 

 Umbelliferae ; see Carrot family. 



Vacciniaceae ; see Huckleberry family. 



Verbenaceae ; see Vervain family. 



Vervain family, Verbenaceae; see Carpet Grass, Lantana and 

 Black Mangrove. 



Vetches, Vicia spp. Nectar, 



pollen. 



Viper's bugloss, blueweed, 

 blue-thistle, Echium vul- 

 gare. Biennial herbs, 

 1-2 1 feet, stem erect 

 bearing numerous blue 

 to purple flowers, stem 

 hairy, July-September 

 and later. In fields and 

 waste land, native of 

 Europe, especially abun- 

 dant in Virginia, Mary- 

 land and Pennsylvania. 

 The common name blue- 

 thistle is the one by 

 which beekeepers usu- 

 ally know this plant. 

 An important source in 

 the Shenandoah Valley. 



Virginia creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Nectar, pollen. 



Vitacese ; see Grape family. 



FIG. 161. White clover. 



