THE BREEDS OF CATTLE 47 



that these wild cattle are descended from the Giant Ox, and 

 are the connecting link between the prehistoric form and 

 our domesticated cattle of the present time. 



Shorthorn Cattle. This noted breed, commonly called 

 Durham cattle years ago, originated in northeast England, 

 in the counties of Durham and York. The river Tees flows 

 through a pretty valley, and for some distance is the boundary 

 line between these two counties. This region, many years 

 ago, was called the Teeswater country, and the large cattle 



Fig. 22. A herd of Wild White Cattle at Vaynol Park, Wales. Photograph 

 by the author. 



found here in northern Yorkshire were known as "Teeswater 

 Cattle." In southern Yorkshire, in what is called Holder- 

 ness, was another kind of cattle having some things in com- 

 mon with the Teeswater. Many of these were black. 

 There were also red or red-and-white cattle in other sections 

 not far from here. Some cattle of superior milking qualities 

 were brought over from Holland, also, in the middle of the 

 18th century. From these various sources came the Short- 

 horn. In this section of England the grazing was fine; and 



