58 BEGINNINGS IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 



here for centuries. They are black, though other colors 

 formerly occurred, are polled, have long, shaggy coats of 

 hair, and are hardy and rather wild by nature. They are 

 not quite as large nor so compact of body as the Aberdeen 

 Angus, and do not fatten so easily. They produce a very 

 high grade of beef, fine of grain and inclined to be free from 

 extra fat, such as is often found in highly fed Shorthorns or 

 Herefords. The Galloway is a breed that can endure severe 

 winter conditions better than most others, on account of the 

 protection of a thick hide and a long, thick, silky coat of 

 hair. Very beautiful robes are made from Galloway hides 

 with the winter coat of hair. This breed was first brought 

 to America about 1850, or perhaps some years before. It is 

 not popular and the herds are rather scattered, more being 

 in the northwestern states and in Canada than elsewhere. 

 The exhibit of the breed at the fat-stock shows and fairs is 

 usually small compared with the Shorthorn, Hereford, and 

 Aberdeen Angus. 



The Jersey is strictly a dairy breed of cattle that origi- 

 nated on the island of Jersey. There is a small group of what 

 is known as the Channel Islands lying in the English Chan- 

 nel, not far from the Normandy coast of France. Jersey 

 contains about 40,000 acres, Guernsey about 12,000, and 

 Alderney very much less. The climate here is quite mild 

 and balmy much of the year. The cattle live out of doors 

 during a very long season, each one grazing tethered by a 

 chain and rope fastened to an iron pin in the ground. The 

 herds are small, and these and potatoes are the chief sources 

 of income on Jersey. There are perhaps 12,000 head on the 

 island. 



Jersey cattle are supposed to have originated from stock 

 in the neighboring districts of France. They have been kept 

 pure of blood for much over a century. As early as 1763 



