186 



BEGINNINGS IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 



Indications of the temperament are easily seen in the prom- 

 inence and character of expression of the eye. Some claims 

 have been made that prominence of the spine indicates a 

 large spinal cord and active brain, being a further indication 

 of nervous force. There is very little information on this 

 subject, however, that will justify drawing conclusions. 



In judging dairy cattle, beyond what has already been 

 stated, there are certain things to be considered that espe- 

 cially apply to this type, as set forth in the following score 

 card: 



A SCORE CARD FOR DAIRY Cows 



Scale of points 



GENERAL APPEARANCE: 



SIZE, large, medium, or small 



FOKM, wedge shape from front, side, and top; mus- 

 cular 8 



QUALITY, hair fine, silky; skin mellow, loose; bone 



fine 8 



TEMPERAMENT, active, showing nervous force 2 



HEAD AND NECK: 



MUZZLE, broad; face lean, shapely 



EYES, prominent, bright; forehead broad 3 



EARS, medium size, not coarse ,,. 1 



NECK, somewhat long, not thick, weJl placed; clean at 



throat; light dewlap 2 



FORE QUARTERS: 



SHOULDERS, light, oblique; withers lean; 3 



LEGS, straight, short; shank fine 2 



BODY: 



CHEST, deep, girth large; crops not much depressed . . . 

 BACK, lean, strong, well defined; ribs long, well sprung 5 



LOIN, broad, long, level 4 



BARREL, deep, large capacity, with low flanks 5 



HIND QUARTERS: 



HIPS, wide apart, not fleshy 3 



RUMP, broad, long, not droopy; pin bones wide apart 4 



TAIL, long, fine; good switch 1 



THIGHS, thin, long, wide apart 4 



LEGS, straight, short, wide apart; shanks fine 2 



MAMMARY DEVELOPMENT: 



UDDER, large, carried well in front along the belly, and 

 high up behind, thick, mellow; quarters even and 



not much grooved between 22 



TEATS, 3 to 4 inches long, well placed: an easy milker 4 

 MILK VEINS, large, long, tortuous or winding, entering 



large wells 8 



Total points 100 



Perfect 

 score 



Stu- 

 dent's 

 score 



Cor- 

 rected 



