JUDGING DAIRY CATTLE 



187 



The head should be lean and shapely. In general, the 

 wide muzzle, short face, strong jaw, prominent eye, and 

 broad forehead are desired. In most cases, a " dished" face 

 is popular. This feature is a slight depression of the head at 

 the lower part of the forehead and between the eyes. Yet 

 all breeds do not have it. The dish-face is very character- 

 istic of the Jersey, but is not so pronounced in the Holstein- 

 Friesian. A broad muzzle, short face, and strong, wide 

 jaw, indicate a vigorous feeder. The eye should be prominent 

 yet show a mild disposi- 

 tion, as indicated by clear- 

 ness of the whites and 

 quietness of expression. 

 Dairy bulls often have 

 eyes that indicate very 

 clearly their character. 

 The ears should be medi- 

 um of size and thin of 

 texture, and be neatly 

 attached to the head. A 

 yellow or orange color 

 within the ear is desirable. 

 The horns, when present, 



rpfinpmpnt The Ayrshire Isabella 3d. Photograph by 



rennemeni, 



Fig. 109. A type of head of dairy cow 

 Ayrshire Isabella 3d. ' 

 courtesy of C. M. Winslow. 



and not be large and 



heavy at the union with the head. A small horn is 

 preferred on the females, and some of the best known 

 dairy sires have had rather small horns. A thin, mus- 

 cular, somewhat long neck on the cow, and a strong, 

 heavily muscled, rather crested neck on the males, are desir- 

 able. When the neck blends well with the head, there is 

 no unnatural fullness at the throat. The union of the neck 

 with the shoulders should also be smooth. Dairy animals 



