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BEGINNINGS IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 



well along under the belly, on a uniform level. Therefore 

 these udder lines above and below prolong beyond the circle. 

 Viewed from the rear, the udder should appear thick, and 

 should occupy completely the space between the thighs, 

 and extend up high along the thigh. Examination with 

 the hand should show no deep separation or division 

 between the glands or quarters, but only slight grooves. As 

 a rule, the hind udder is somewhat narrower than the fore 

 udder, due to the limited space between the thighs. Thus 



Fig. 115. Four hind-end presentations, showing good and bad placings of legs. 

 Photograph by the author. 



one may see the importance of having the thighs widely 

 separated to provide room for the udder. The teats should 

 be of convenient size for grasping by the average-sized hand, 

 and a length of three to four inches is satisfactory. They 

 should be placed at a fair distance apart, such as will permit 

 of easy milking, without the hands being in the way of each 

 other. The judge should examine each teat carefully, and 

 see that it milks without difficulty, and is all right. The 

 form of the udder is rather variable. The most common 

 weakness is an inferior front development, with the teats of 



