x ji CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



toed horses of Europe and America — Existing species of 

 horses — The horse {Equus caballus) — Wild, domesticated, 

 and feral horses — Wild assss — Equus hemiouus of Asia and 

 its varieties — The African wild ass and the domestic ass 

 {Equus asinvs) — Striped members of the equine family — 

 Zebras and quaggas {Equus ztbra, E. burchelU, E. cjrevyi, 

 and E. quagga) — Hybrids or mules — Aptitude for domesti- 

 cation only found in certain members of the family. 



CHAPTER III. 



The Structure of the Horse, chiefly as bearing upon 

 its Mode of Life, its Evolution, and its Relation 

 to other Animal Forms 102 



The skull — The teeth : their number ; general characters 

 and structure ; crown, root, pulp, dentine, enamel, and ce- 

 ment — Succession of teeth — Temporary and permanent sets 

 — Special characters of the teeth of the horse — Incisors — 

 ( anines — Diastema — Molars — Brachydont and hypsodont 

 dentition— Temporary or milk teeth— Time of appearance 

 and order of succession of the teeth— The lips— The nostrils 

 —The false nostrils— The guttural pouches— The neck — 

 Vertebrae— Cervical ligament. 



CHAPTER IV. 



TnE Structure of the Horse— (continued) . . .153 



General characters of the limbs of vertebrated animals- 

 Comparison of the skeleton of the fore limb of the horse with 

 that of man— Comparison of the skeleton of the hind limb 

 of the horse with that of man— The muscles of the limbs— 

 The warts or callosities on the external surface of the limbs 

 The ergot or spur — The chestnuts, or mallenders and sal- 

 lenders— The hoofs. 



