HORSES AXD MULES. 315 



Bog axd Blood Spavins, so called, are not spavins, and 

 bear no resemblance to spavin. They are of the same nature as 

 Wind Galls and Thorough Pin ; but where, and why, these 

 diseases got their odd names, it is difficult to conceive. The 

 spavins appear at the hock ; wind galls at the ankles ; thorough 

 pin on the back part of the hock joint. Because they do not 

 often cause immediate lameness, they are said to be harmless. 

 But how would a man like to have liis injuries anO sores 

 judged in the same way ? They are caused by severe strain, 

 and by blows and kicks on the legs, such as brutal men often 

 give. They should never be opened, as they cause a permanent 

 running sore. 



Apply the corrosive liniment three or four times a week for 

 three or four weeks, and if no improvement occurs, let them 

 alone. When, however, they produce stiffness of /he joints, 

 or infliimmation, apply the liniment until it disappears. CuRB 

 is an enlargement on the back of the leg below the hock. Give 

 rest, and corrosive liniment. It is a dangerous injury, and will 

 often render the horse useless unless a long rest and treatment 

 are given. 



Tetanus, or Lock Jaw, though not very common, is an ex 

 ceedingly painful and dangerous disease. It is usually caused 

 by wounds, bruising either nerves or tendons, such as prick in 

 shoeing, nicking, docking, broken knees, galls, etc., etc. It is 

 also caused by such abuse as hard driving and standing in the 

 cold or wet. The horse first grows fidgety, the ears are set, the 

 muzzle protruded, the head elevated, the nostrils remain dila- 

 ted, the muscles grow rigid ; upon lifting the head, the " haw" 

 projects over the eye; the tail is raised, the belly contracts, the 

 legs are straddled and stiff, the eye is sunken, the whole body 

 becomes hard and contracted, the jaws are locked, and agony 



and starvation make short work of the sufferer. If the svmp- 

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