GRAPli CULTURE AND WIXE MAKING. 573 



it, and stretch number sixteen galvanized wire between the two 

 points. Tliis trellis is cheaper and bette^^ than the horizontal 

 wire trellis commonly used. Cheaper, because number sixteen 

 wire can be used instead of number ten, which gives one 

 hundred feet to the pound, while number ten gives only 

 twenty feet lo the pound. Better, because the wires are just 

 where you want them to train the shoots to. When the vine is 

 taken up in the spring, fasten the two arms along the lower bar 

 and select three or four buds on the upper side of each arm. 

 If the vines have grown strong, the buds will be from four to 

 six inches apart, in which case nearly all the buds on the upper 

 side will be left ; all others should be rubbed off. AVhere there 

 is a bud missing on the upper side an under bud may be 

 trained up to fill its place. As soon as these shoots get long 

 enough they should be tied to the wires. Each one of these 

 upright canes will usually set a few bunches of fruit. If the vine 

 is very strong and vigorous, each may be allowed to" bear three 

 or four bunches. When these upright canes have grown about 

 two feet, they should be stopped, by pinching off their ends, 

 say from two to four leaves beyond the last bunch of fruit; they 

 will soon start again, and after a few inches growth should be 

 stopped again. All the laterals should be pinched the same aa 

 on young vines. At the winter pruning, these canes are to be 

 cut down to three buds, two of which are to be allowed to 

 grow the next season. This is the sixth year from the cutting, 

 and the fourth year of the vine in the vineyard, and one of the 

 canes from each spur may be allowed to ripen all the fruit it 

 will. The principle of pruning now is to let one-half the vine 

 bear one year and the other the next. From each spur on 

 horizontal arms let two canes grow every year, and rub off all 

 others aa soon as they appear. The cane that bears this year 

 should be cut clear away, and the other cut down to two buds. 



