GRAPE CULTURE AND WINE MAKING. 595 



etc, and destroy them by scalding or fire. The third is the 

 dusting with sulphur, lime, etc., throughout the season. For 

 this purpose every one who has any considerable number of 

 vines should have a pair of bellows. The rose bug, or "rose- 

 chafer^'' is the worst enemy of the vine, because it can be de- 

 stroyed by neither of these three contrivances. They show 

 themselves as soon as the blossoms, which they soon destroy, 

 unless checked. The only way with these and several other 

 beetles we shall name, is to have a large cloth stretched on a 

 frame, set it under the vine, and shake it briskly ; they will fall 

 and can be scraped up and scalded or burned. Mead, in his 

 work on the Grape, says : " They are too stuptd to know when 

 they are dead ;" therefore the work must be done thoroughly. 

 If repeated daily for a week, this operation will greatly mitigate 

 the pest. 



The May Beetle, or Cockchafer, must be destroyed in the 

 same way. Where they are very numerous, a flock of poultry 

 should be permitted to follow the plow and cultivator, and they 

 will devour numbers of the larvoe which are turned up from the 

 ground. About daylight is the best time for rapping them from 

 the vines. The vinechafer and steel blue beetle ; threaten to be- 

 come very destructive to the vine, and a determined effort should 

 then be made to exterminate them ; this can be done, both by 

 twilight fires and by rapping them off the vines into the sheet. 

 The Vine IIopper, or ihnps, appear in June, and if numerou.s 

 aie very destructive, sucking the- juice from the leaves and 

 causing them to turn yellow ; the remedy is to dust the leaves 

 with a mixture of two parts of sulphur and one of caustic lime. 

 [f done early on a still morning it will nearly all adhere to the 

 leaves and kill the insects. Two persons going through the 

 vineyard at night, one with a torch and the other beating the 



vines, will destroy vast numbers. The Red Spider, which 

 36 



