608 now TO MAKE THE FARM PAY. 



the spring, or in the Tall immediately after fruiting. It consists 

 in cutting out all the old wood, leaving only last season's growth, 

 and cutting that back to three or four feet, and fastening to stakes 

 or trellis. The suckers should all be taken up, whether wanted 

 for planting or not. When the vines grow vigorously summer 

 pruning becomes necessary. The terminal shoots should be 

 pinched o'ff about the last of August, and if they continue to 

 grow should be pinched off again when they have grown 

 twelve inches more. Winter protection is often given with 

 great advantage ; the method is the same as that described for 

 the grape. Bend down the canes, throw on enough dirt to hold 

 them, then go through witli a plow on each side, and turn a 

 furrow slice over them. An acre can be covered, at an expense 

 of not more than sixteen dollars. The PJiiladelphia^ Blade Cajj^ 

 American Black, American White Cap, Surprise, Colonel Wilder, 

 and the Antiverp are among the tried varieties of the raspberry ; 

 and the Laicion, Kittanning, Dorchester, New Rochelle, and Wil- 

 8on\<i Early are hardy, productive, and marketable blackberries. 



The cultivation of these fruits in the vicinity of large cities 

 will never fail to be profitable. 



The Currant and Gooseberry are propagated by cuttings 

 so readily, that no other mode will be described. Cuttings 

 should be of rij)c wood of recent groAvth, taken off in the fall. 

 Make the cuttings six inches long, cutting smooth just at the 

 ba.se of a bud, and planting as described for grape cuttings. 

 The currant had best be planted in the fall, and the gooseberry 

 in the spring. A deep rich soil, deeply trenched and heavily 

 manured, is necessary, if the most profitable crop is desired. 

 The bushes will grow almost anywhere, but will not produce 

 regular and abundant crops of the largest and best fruit, unless 

 manured and kept free from weeds, and the ground kept mellow 



