60 GuENON ON Milch Cows. 



ESCUTCHEONS 0:N' BULLS. 



Guenon applied his discovery to bulls to great advantage. He found 

 that bulls belonged to the same classes as cows, and had escutcheons simi- 

 lar, but much smaller ; these extend from the testicles upward toward the 

 anus. The importance of having a good bull becomes apparent when we 

 reflect that he " gets" from fifty to one hundred, annually, while the cow 

 is impregnated but once in the year. The escutcheons of the progeny of a 

 cow with good escutcheon will be much improved if the cow is coupled 

 with a bull well marked, and particularly if his escutcheon is the same as 

 that of the cow. Better have the two of different breeds, but of similar or 

 good escutcheons, than to have the bull with inferior escutcheon. 



Of course, the higher up the escutcheon extends on a bull, and the broader 

 it is, the better it is, but we must not look for bulls to be so well-marked 

 as cows are, for they never are. To distinguish the bastard bulls from the 

 good ones, observe if there are any streaks of descending hair, and mixing 

 80 as to be bristly. This indication will be a certain one in proportion to 

 the size of the blemish, and as that is in proportion to the whole escutcheon. 



Guenon says : After having described, as I have done, all the classes of 

 cows, and taught to recognize the bastards, I pass to the characteristic 

 signs of the bulls reproducers, which can also be divided into orders and 

 classes ; the signs are the same as for the females, but they are much more 

 restricted and of less extent. 



With the males the escutcheon commences on the inside below the hams 

 and extends as far as the middle of the posterior surface of the leg, and 

 extends sometimes even to the anus of the superior orders in certain 

 classes. 



Like that of cows, the escutcheon of bulls is modified by tufts. 



The bulls whose escutcheons are similar in their form and size to cows 

 of the first order, possess a great ability for procreating good milk cows, 

 those on the contrary whose escutcheons are but little developed, produce 

 on)y those of poor yield. 



A bull will be well marked, and a good reproducer when there is no in- 

 terruption of descending hair in the ascending hair on the escutcheon ; 

 when the shape of the escutcheon is of large dimensions in proportion to 

 the size of the animal, and it is covered with very fine hair. 



The bulls of which the escutcheon is small and covered with coarse hair 

 and irregular on the sides procreate bad milk cows, which give serous 

 milk. 



All interruptions in the ascending hair of the escutcheon by encroach- 



