THE MIND OR RATIONAL BRAIN. 37 



subject, man is human or hyper-animal because he has a mind extra, 

 which uses, or can use, the top of his brains. 



The separateness of the animal from the rational brain is fanc- 

 tlonidly more distinct than the separateness between the other parts 

 of the nervous system. Do we not all perform vivisection upon our- 

 selves every day in cutting reason off, and thinking and acting from 

 animal motives ; in keeping the mind under, while vague imagina- 

 tion, desire and pleasure over-ride it ? in merging it in a sea of na- 

 tural emotions and commotions, which allow reason no beginning, 

 and will, none of its distinctness ? But as for the structural sepa- 

 rateness, the rational brain is no other than the mind itself as a 

 distinct organization, whose existence is demonstrated by its play 

 upon the cortical organs. This mind terminates the brain, and begins 

 a new subject with new expressions ; we cannot see it unless in its 

 own way of intellectual sight ; nor can we now pursue it, because its 

 attributes hold no commerce with anatomical terms. 



The nerves or brain form a representative system, which does not 

 itself come in contact with objects on the one hand, or with actions 

 on the other, but deals in the one case with the images of things, in 

 the other, with the commands of actions. It results from this, that 

 whatever will produce the central impression, sensation, imagination, 

 or intellectual vision, will cause the appearance of the object, whether 

 it be present or not. Thus if the brain can radiate down to the 

 spinal cord a vibration like that which the cord receives from any 

 object as an impression from without, the same motions will be en- 

 gendered as flow from the apposition of a real circumstance or object. 

 So again, if the brain can shake the optical centres as light shakes 

 them, or can extemporize the part of light within them, the man 

 will have the sensation of light as though it were present from the 

 sun or a candle. And so too if the soul or spirit, or any other spirit 

 or influence, can make the imaginations or the thought-movements in 

 the cerebral substance, these will seem as much our own thoughts 

 as though no such influence had been exerted. But in both cases, 

 be it remembered, there is an object out of the faculty excited; 

 though in the one case the object is out of the organism externally, 

 in the other case out of it internally. 



Each of the centres then, namely, the automatic, the animal, and 

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