xii ENGLISH FARMING 



CHAPTER XVI. 



LEGISLATIVE AID ; LAND LAWS, LAND TRANSFER, 

 EDUCATION, RAILWAY RATES. 



PAGE 

 Former Feeling of Insecurity among Landlords fostered by- 

 doubtful Attitude of Legislature — Revived Confidence not 

 impaired by Removal of Artificial Hindrances to Natural 

 Growth of Small Owners — Reform of Land Laws and Esta- 

 blishment of Land Registration — Difficulties of cheap and easy 

 System of Land Transfer — Lord Halsbury"s Bill, 1887 — -Austra- 

 lian and Prussian Registries — Advantages of Land Registries — 

 Agricultural Education in Great Britain and Ireland compared 

 with that of France, and the Austrian and German Empires- 

 Technical Teaching in Agricultural Matters especially needed 

 in Rural Schools — Use of Ministry of Agiiculture — Commence- 

 ment of State Aid in England — Illustration of Working of Sys- 

 tem in France — Unfairness of present System of Differential 

 Railway Rates, especially in case of Perishable Produce— Need 

 for a Board of Control 177 



CHAPTER XVII. 



FISCAL RELIEF — LOCAL TAXATION. 



During Protection Period Agricultural Land was heavily taxed 

 because Consumers were heavily taxed for its Support — 

 Cesmnte ratione cessat et ipsa lex — The Land Tax — The 

 four old Rates before and after the Repeal of the Corn 

 Laws — Increased Burden of Local Taxation in spite of Free 

 Trade Prices — Comparison of Rates in 18I1 and 1885 — Enor- 

 mous Growth of Local Debt — Need of Reform of Local 

 Government — Suggestions for Relief of Agricultural Land from 

 Local Taxation 201 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



SELF-HELP NOT PROTECTION. 



Self-Help the true Remedy — Perishable Produce the main Source 

 of Farming Profits — Signs of New Departure in these Direc- 

 tions — Co-operation necessary between Landlords and Tenants 

 — Farmers not Free Agents in Contracts for letting and hiring 



