CONTENTS IX 



CHAPTER VIII. 



LARGE FARMS AND LARGE CAPITALISTS — MR. COKE, 

 OF HOLKHAM. 



PAGE 



Manufactures create New Markets for Food, and encourage In- 

 vestments of Capital in Land — Landlords take the Lead in 

 Agricultural Improvements — Wheat Growing and Stock Feed- 

 ing in Norfolk — Mr. Coke, of Holkham, as the Model Land- 

 lord — Holkliam Sheepshearings — Effect of War Prices on 

 Ownership of Land; Disappearance of Small Freeholders and 

 Consolidation of Large Estates 77 



CHAPTER IX. 



SCIENCE WITH PRACTICE, 1812-45. 



Agricultural Progress during present Century — 1812-42, a Period 

 of wide-spread Ruin and Protection — Unprecedented Dearness 

 of Corn maintained by heavj'- Import Duties— Distress of 

 Wage-earning Population, Ruin of Landlords, Bankruptcy of 

 Farmers at the Close of War — Paper-money and Resumption 

 of Cash Payments aggravate Distress— Machine-breaking, In- 

 cendiarism, and Agrarian Outrage — Clay Farms suffer most 

 heavily — Necessity of Drainage ; Science provides necessary 

 Means : Blith, Young, Elkington, Smith of Deanston, Josiah 

 Parkes, Land Improvement Loans — Stimulus given to Drain- 

 age by Artificial Manures — Manures ignored hj Early Agricul- 

 tural Writers ; ' Nothing like Muck ' means ' Nothing but 

 Muck ; ' Discoveries of Sprengel, Liebig, Lawes, Henslow, 

 Odams — Agriculture revived by general Industrial Progress, 

 Legislative Aid, and improved Practices and Implements of 

 Farming — Good Effect upon Farming of inflated War Prices, 

 illustrated from Northumberland and the Life of John Grey 

 of Dilston 86 



CHAPTER X. 



SCIENCE WITH PRACTICE, 1845-73. 



Enclosure Act of 18i5 and Free Trade inau'gurate New Era of 

 Intensive and High Farming — Caird's Pamphlet on High 

 Farming — Period of Great Agricultural Prosperity — Its 

 Causes — Characteristic of Time rather Diffusion than Inven- 



