IMPROVEMENT OF STABLES OF FAULTY CONSTEUGTION. 19 



CHAPTER 2. 



IMPUOVEMEXT OF STABLES OF FAULTY COXSTRUCTIOX. 



30. Ventilation. 31. Pavimj. 32. Llijht. 33. Deficient s})ace. 34. Con- 

 clusion. 



30. Ventilation. 



The recommendations which have been made in the preceding chapter 

 in regard to the construction of new stables would be incomplete without 

 some suggestions for the improvement of defective buildings. In our 

 suggestions we shall endeavour to carry out, as far as circumstances 

 admit, the principles laid down above. For illustrations of plans of bad 

 construction the reader is referred to plans A, B, C, D, E, and F in the 

 preceding chapter. 



All such stables, unless surrounding buildings interfere, may be 

 radically improved by making windows on both sides along the whole 

 length, and by making an aperture under each manger, and inserting in 

 it an air brick. 



If, however, as is often the case in towns, circumstances, or perhaps 

 the covenants of the lease, even though no buildings interfere, prohibit 

 the making of windows, apertures nine by six inches should be inserted 

 in the wall near the ceiling on both sides ; or, if no aperture can be 

 made, air bricks should be inserted in the front wall. 



If surrounding buildings or other circumstances prevent the possibility 

 of making apertures along the length of the wall, an air flue with an 

 aperture of four and a half inches by three under the mangers should be 

 carried along the whole length of the stable ; and another air flue with 

 apertures of double the size, or nine inches by six, should be carried 

 along close to the ceiling. The size of the outlet air flues must be the 

 sum of the combined areas of the apertures, and will, therefore, vary 

 according to the number of the horses in the stable. It is absolutely 

 necessary that each air flue should open at both ends directly into the 

 external air. The exterior openings must be protected by perforated 

 zinc, to prevent excessive draught. 



Ventilation by means of louvre boards along the ridge of the roof 

 should also be provided in eveiy case, where rooms over the stables do 

 not prevent its adoption. Where rooms interfere, air shafts of two feet 

 in diameter, in the proportion of one shaft for every two horses, should 

 be carried up through the ceiling and intervening rooms to the outside of 



