FLESH WOUNDS. ■ ool 



position, and further, to retain them in union. There mu^;t albo be entire 

 absence of inflanunation. The surface of tlie wound must be excluded 

 from the air, and cold must be applied to prevent the setting in of inflam- 

 mation. If these conditions are attainable, direct or immediate union 

 may probably be procured, if in addition the constitution of the animal 

 be good. 



735. Healing hy Adhesion, commonly called the First Inteiition. 



The 2nd mode of union is by Adhesion, commonly called the First 

 Intention. It consists in the effusion of Lymph between the opposed 

 surfaces. In this mode there is slight inflammation of the parts, but not 

 of a destructive character. In direct union the absence of all inflamma- 

 tion is necessary. In other respects the same conditions are required as 

 for direct union, namely absence of bleeding and of foreign bodies, direct 

 apposition of the sides of the wound, and exclusion of the air. Healing 

 by Adhesion is the most common mode of union. 



736. Healing hy Cicatrization or Scabbing. 



The 3rd mode of union is by Cicatrization, commonly called Scabbing. 

 In it the wound is excluded from the air by some substance, such as hair, 

 blood, etc., imder cover of which the union takes place. This mode of 

 union is sometimes brought about artificially by covering the wound with 

 collodion, etc. The absence of inflammation is necessary, 



737. Healing by Granulations. 



The 4th mode of union is by Granulations. This is otherwise termed 

 union by Second Intention. It takes place, whenever any of the condi- 

 tions necessaiy for direct union, or for adhesion are not fulfilled. 



Union by Second Intention consists in the effusion of lymph from the 

 over-loaded vessels of the part under the influence of active, but not 

 excessive inflammation. The lymph becomes vascular, and from it Granu- 

 lations are formed. All lacerated and some incised wounds are healed by 

 this mode. Though simple incised wounds may be closed and healed in 

 favorable cases by direct union or by adhesion, yet loss of structure 

 cannot be repaired or cavities filled up, except by material effused from 

 the blood. 



738. Mode of formation of Granulations. 



The Lymph, spoken of in the preceding paragi*aph, in a short time 

 after its exudation coagulates. l?cd streaks soon appear in it, which are 

 incipient blood-vessels formed from, and continuous with the vessels of 

 the adjacent parts. In this way the lymph is formed into a definite 

 structure and becomes a living constituent part of the body. In it there 

 next appear little eminences, each containing a cell. These eminences 

 are called Granulations. They secrete healthy pus. The upper layers 

 gradually become converted into epithelium, whilst the lower layers are 



