TAKT VIII. 



ClIAl'Ti:i{ 55. 

 DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS AND BLADDEIi. 



78.5. U,e ami „di<,n .,/ thr Kuln,:y,. 78«;. I,,Jia„nn„l[„n of the Khl„e>j.^; 

 or Ne2>hnl,s. 787. SympUnns. 788. Treat,„ent. 789. Irntation „f ihr 

 BUuhhr, and its causes. 790. Symptoms. 791. Treatment. 792. Injt^nn. 

 mation of the bladder, or Cystitis. 793. Syn,pto,u.. 794. Tnatmmf 

 /95. Ivjlammation of the NerJc of the Bladder. 796. Retention of the 

 Unnr. ,«»7. Symptoms. 79^. Treatment. 799. Aft.r-trvatment. '800. 

 Bloody Urine. 801. iJi uresis, or Excessive Staling. 802. Symptoms. 

 803. Causes. 804. Treatment. . 



785. Z7»t' (/HfZ a(7jry« o/ //<< Kidneys. 



Ih- the actiun of the kidneys, the superfluous fluid, wliieh eoutuiiis iu 

 solution various saline and nitrogenous substauees, is removed from the 

 system. 



The quantity of urine secreted by the kidnevs is ven" variable, even 

 in health; being affected by the ^luantity of fluid imbibed, by the suc- 

 culence or othenvise of the food, and by the activity of the skin and the 

 amount of perspiration. In some diseases, a« for iustanco in fever, the 

 secretion is very scanty iu quantity, acrid in quality, and high coloured ; 

 whilst in some other maladies, as in diuresis, it is excessive, and vei-A- 

 clear and almost colourless. 



The kidneys may be excited to increased action bv various saline, ether- 

 ous, and resinous substances. Such agents are termed Diuretics. Cau- 

 tliarides has also a similar effect. 



786. Inflammation of the Kidneys, or Nephritis. 



Inflammation of the substance of the Kiduevs, othenvise called Ne- 

 phritis, IS fortunately rather rare. Its causes AviU -enerallv be found in 

 prolonged or severe work : or iu exposure to wet and cJld, producin.' 

 derangement of the secretions of the skin : or in over-violent or too friT- 

 queiit doses of diuretic medicine : or in mow-burnt hav, kiln-dried oats or 

 other irritating food. It may also be brought on bv' sprain of the .p.soai 



