THE LAW OF EVOLUTION. 331 



tiiest ; as instance the contraction of lord (originally laford) 

 into lud in the mouths of Barristers ; and, still better, the 

 coalescence of God be with you into Good bye. 



Besides exhibiting in this way the integrative process, 

 Language equally exhibits it throughout all grammatical 

 development. The lowest kinds of human speech, having 

 merely nouns and verbs without inflections to them, mani- 

 festly permit no such close union of the elements of a propo- 

 sition as results when the relations are marked either by 

 inflections or by connective words. Such speech is neces- 

 sarily what we significantly call " incoherent." To a con- 

 siderable extent, incoherence is seen in the Chinese lan- 

 guage. "If, instead of saying I go to London, jigs come 

 from Turkey, the sun shines through the air, we said, / go 

 end London, figs come origin Turkey, the sun shines passage 

 air, we should discourse after the manner of the Chinese." 

 From this " aptotic " form, there is clear evidence of a tran- 

 sition, by coalescence, to a form in which the connexions of 

 words are expressed by the addition to them of certain in- 

 flectional words. " In Languages like the Chinese," re- 

 marks Dr. Latham, " the separate words most in use to ex- 

 press relation may become adjuncts or annexes." To this 

 he adds the fact that " the numerous inflexional languages 

 fall into two classes. In one, the inflexions have no appear- 

 ance of having been separate words. In the other, their ori- 

 gin as separate words is demonstrable." From which the 

 inference drawn is, that the " aptotic " languages, by the 

 more and more constant use of adjuncts, gave rise to the 

 " agglutinate " languages, or those in which the original 

 separateness of the inflexional parts can be traced; and that 

 out of these, by further use, arose the " amalgamate " lan- 

 guages, or those in which the original separateness of the in- 

 flexional parts can no longer be traced. Strongly 

 corroborative of this inference is the unquestionable fact, 

 that by such a process there have grown out of the amalga- 

 mate languages, the " anaptotic " languages; of which our 



