352 THE LAW OF EVOLUTION CONTINUED. 



stronger in the European than in the savage. Moreover, 

 judging from the greater extent and variety of faculty he 

 exhibits, we may infer that the civilized man has also a 

 more complex or heterogeneous nervous system than the un- 

 civilized man ; and indeed the fact is in part visible in the in- 

 creased ratio which his cerebrum bears to the subjacent 

 ganglia. If further elucidation be needed, we may find it in 

 every nursery. The infant European has sundry marked 

 points of resemblance to the lower human races; as in the 

 flatness of the alse of the nose, the depression of its bridge, 

 the divergence and forward opening of the nostrils, the form 

 of the lips, the absence of a frontal sinus, the width between 

 the eyes, the smallness of the legs. Kow, as the develop- 

 mental process by which these traits are turned into those of 

 the adult European, is a continuation of that change from 

 the homogeneous to the heterogeneous displayed during the 

 previous evolution of the embryo, which every physiologist 

 will admit ; it follows that the parallel developmental process 

 by which the like traits of the barbarous races have been 

 turned into those of the civilized races, has also been a con- 

 tinuation of the change from the homogeneous to the hetero- 

 geneous. The truth of the second position — that 

 Mankind, as a whole, have become more heterogeneous — is 

 so obvious as scarcely to need illustration. Every work 

 on Ethnology, by its divisions and subdivisions of races, 

 bears testimony to it. Even were we to admit the hypothesis 

 that Mankind originated from several separate stocks, it 

 would still remain true that as, from each of these stocks, 

 there have sprung many now widely different tribes, which 

 are proved by philological evidence to have had a common 

 origin, the race as a whole is far less homogeneous than it 

 once was. Add to which, that we have, in the Anglo-Ameri- 

 cans, an example of a new variety arising within these few 

 generations ; and that, if we may trust to the descriptions of 

 observers, we are likely soon to have another such example 

 in Australia. 



