THE LAW OF EVOLUTION CONTINUED. 355 



eminent which rules our daily intercourse — a species of 

 government which, as we may see in heralds' colleges, in 

 books of the peerage, in masters of ceremonies, is not with- 

 out a certain embodiment of its own. Each of 

 these kinds of government is itself subject to successive 

 differentiations. In the course of ages, there arises, as 

 among ourselves, a highly complex political organization 

 of monarch, ministers, lords and commons, with their sub- 

 ordinate administrative departments, courts of justice, reve- 

 nue offices, &c, supplemented in the provinces by muni- 

 cipal governments, county governments, parish or union 

 governments — all of them more or less elaborated. By its 

 side there grows up a highly complex religious organization, 

 with its various grades of officials from archbishops down to 

 sextons, its colleges, convocations, ecclesiastical courts, 

 &c. ; to all which must be added the ever-multiplying inde- 

 pendent sects, each with its general and local authorities. 

 And at the same time there is developed a highly complex 

 aggregation of customs, manners, and temporary fashions, 

 enforced by society at large, and serving to control those 

 minor transactions between man and man which are not 

 regulated by civil and religious law. Moreover, it is to be 

 observed that this ever-increasing heterogeneity in the gov- 

 ernmental appliances of each nation, has been accompanied 

 by an increasing heterogeneity in the governmental appli- 

 ances of different nations: all of which are more or less un- 

 like in their political systems and legislation, in their creeds 

 and religious institutions, in their customs and ceremonial 

 usages. 



Simultaneously there has been going on a second differ- 

 entiation of a more familiar kind; that, namely, by which 

 the mass of the community has been segregated into distinct 

 classes and orders of workers. While the governing part has 

 undergone the complex development above detailed, the 

 governed part has undergone an equally complex develop- 

 ment; which has resulted in that minute division of labour 



