360 THE LAW OF EVOLUTION CONTINUED. 



used together in the same record. In Egypt, written lan- 

 guage underwent a further differentiation; whence resulted 

 the hieratic and the epistolographic or enchorial : both of 

 which are derived from the original hieroglyphic. At the 

 same time we find that for the expression of proper names, 

 which could not be otherwise conveyed, phonetic symbols 

 were employed; and though it is alleged that the Egyptians 

 never actually achieved complete alphabetic writing, yet 

 it can scarcely be doubted that these phonetic symbols oc- 

 casionally used in aid of their ideographic ones, were the 

 germs out of which alphabetic writing grew. Once having 

 become separate from hieroglyphics, alphabetic writing itself 

 underwent numerous differentiations — multiplied alphabets 

 were produced: between most of which, however, more or 

 less connexion can still be traced. And in each civilized 

 nation there has now grown up, for the representation of one 

 set of sounds, several sets of written signs, used for distinct 

 purposes. Finally, through a yet more important differen- 

 tiation came printing; which, uniform in kind as it was at 

 first, has since become multiform. 



§ 124. While written language was passing through its 

 earlier stages of development, the mural decoration which 

 formed its root was being differentiated into Painting and 

 Sculpture. The gods, kings, men, and animals represented, 

 were originally marked by indented outlines and coloured. 

 In most cases these outlines were of such depth, and the 

 object they circumscribed so far rounded and marked out in 

 its leading parts, as to form a species of work intermediate 

 between intaglio and bas-relief. In other cases we see an 

 advance upon this: the raised spaces between the figures 

 being chiselled off, and the figures themselves appropriately 

 tinted, a painted bas-relief was produced. The restored 

 Assyrian architecture at Sydenham, exhibits this style of art 

 carried to greater perfection — the persons and things repre- 

 sented, though still barbarously coloured, are carved out 



