492 SEGREGATION. 



ties. The principle equally holds where the occupation is 

 mercantile instead of manufacturing. Stock-brokers cluster 

 together in the city, because the amount of effort to be 

 severally gone through by them in discharging their func- 

 tions, and obtaining their profits, is less there than in other 

 localities. A place of exchange having once been estab- 

 lished, becomes a place where the resistance to be overcome 

 by each is less than eleswhere ; and the pursuit of the course 

 of least resistance by each, involves their aggregation around 

 this place. 



Of course, with units so complicated as those which con- 

 stitute a society, and with forces so involved as those which 

 move them, the resulting selections and separations must 

 be far more entangled, or far less definite, than those we 

 have hitherto considered. But though there may be pointed 

 out many anomalies which at first sight seem inconsistent 

 with the alleged law, a closer study shows that they are but 

 subtler illustrations of it. For men's likenesses being of 

 various kinds, lead to various orders of segregation. There 

 are likenesses of disposition, likenesses of taste, likenesses 

 produced by intellectual culture, likenesses that result from 

 class-training, likenesses of political feeling; and it needs 

 but to glance round at the caste-divisions, the associations 

 for philanthropic, scientific, and artistic purposes, the re- 

 ligious parties and social cliques; to see that some species of 

 likeness among the component members of each body 

 determines their union. Xow the different segregative pro- 

 cesses by traversing one another, and often by their indirect 

 antagonism, more or less obscure one another's effects; and 

 prevent any one differentiated class from completely inte- 

 grating. Hence the anomalies referred to. But if this 

 cause of incompleteness be duly borne in mind, social segre- 

 gations will be seen to conform entirely to the same principle 

 as all other segregations. Analysis will show that either by 

 external incident forces, or by what we may in a sense 

 regard as mutual polarity, there are ever being produced in 



