560 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION. 



appreciable individuality is the commencement of Evolu- 

 tion. And this holds uniformly ; regardless of the size of the 

 aggregate, regardless of its inclusion in other aggregates, 

 and regardless of the wider evolutions within which its own 

 is comprehended. 



§ 189. After making them, we saw that the inductions 

 which, taken together, establish the law of Evolution, do 

 not, so long as they remained inductions, form coherent 

 parts of that whole rightly named Philosophy; nor does 

 even the foregoing passage of these inductions from agree- 

 ment into identity, suffice to produce the unity sought. 

 For, as was pointed out at the time, to unify the truths 

 thus reached with other truths, it is requisite to deduce 

 them from the Persistence of Force. Our next step, 

 therefore, was to show why, Force being persistent, the 

 transformation which Evolution shows us necessarily re- 

 sults. 



The first conclusion arrived at was, that any, finite 

 homogeneous aggregate must inevitably lose its homoge- 

 neity, through the unequal exposure of its parts to inci- 

 dent forces. It was pointed out that the production of 

 diversities of structure by diverse forces, and forces acting 

 under diverse conditions, has been illustrated in astronomic 

 evolution; and that a like connection of cause and effect 

 is seen in the large and small modifications undergone by 

 our globe. The early changes of organic germs supplied 

 further evidence that unlikenesses of structure follow un- 

 likenesses of relations to surrounding agencies — evidence 

 enforced by the tendency of the differently-placed mem- 

 bers of each species to diverge into varieties. And we found 

 that the contrasts, political and industrial, which arise be- 

 tween the parts of societies, serve to illustrate the same 

 principle. The instability of the homogeneous thus every- 

 where exemplified, we also saw holds in each of the dis- 

 tinguishable parts into which any uniform whole lapses; 



