INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 345 



the month of May and that larvae are found in abundance from the first of 

 June to the he^innin^' of winter. Pupae commence to appear early in July 

 and may be found from then till winter. The adults of the first brood 

 develop about the middle of July and emerge in August or possibly late in 

 July since he has found Noung larxae 1)\- Aug. lo. Late in the fall all 

 stages occur in the bark of infested trees and often in the bark of the roots 

 as much as 6 inches below the surface of the ground. 



These observations agree \"ery closeh' with our own in this section as 

 large numbers of eggs were found by us at Round Lake, Sep. 20, 1901. 

 The observations of Dr Hopkins indicate that there are at least two broods 

 in West \"irginia and the same appears to be true for the latitude of 

 Albany. 



Dr Hopkins states that he has observed a clerid, Thanasimus 

 dubius Fabr., attack ami kill this large bark beetle, and he records find- 

 ing large numbers of the beetles in the stomachs of brook trout caught in 

 Randolph county, W. Va. the latter part of May. 



Bibliography 

 1862 Harris, T. W. Insects Injurious to Vegetation, p. 86. 

 1858 Fitch, Asa. Ins. N. Y. 4th Rep't 1857, p. 42-43- 

 1S90 Packard, A. S. U. S. Knt. Com. sth Rep't p. 721. 

 1899 Hopkins, A. D. \V. Va. Agric. E.xp. Sta. Bui. 56, p. 284, 294, 296, i^;}, 342, 344, 



347. 349. 392. 415-2°- 

 1903 Felt, E. P. For. Fish ^S: Came Com. 7th Rep't, p. 480-81. 



Coarse writing bark beetle 

 Toinicits calligraplnis Germ. 



A rather stout brownish or blackish cylindric beetle, about )i inch in length, makes 

 more or less longitudinal burrows in the thicker bark of the trunk and larger limbs of 

 various pines. 



This is one of the largest and commonest species of the genus found 

 on or in the thick bark of our native pines. Its operations have been 

 observed by the writer in many localities in and about Albany during the 

 seasons of 1 899-1 902 and in some instances at least it appeared to be an 

 active partner in causing very serious injuries to these trees. 



