356 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Strewn in the bark behind them, and as they travel backward and forward in 

 the burrow from time to time, the Httle stiff hairs with which their bodies 

 are provided serve as a brusli to sweep this dust into the egg notches. 

 Thus the mouths of these chambers are tilled and the eggs therein covered 

 and concealed. The female forms a burrow from 4 to 8 inches or more in 

 length. 



Life history. Dr Fitch states that the eggs probably hatch in 10 to 20 

 days according to the temperature. The young grub is found lying with 

 its back towards the sawdust with which the cavity in whicli the egg is laid 

 was filled, it thus being close to the soft innermost layer of bark at the 

 extremity of the notch. This cavity is continued by the larvae to a distance 

 of from I to 3 inches at approximately right angles to the central gallery, 

 which latter increases in size with the development of the grub. Those not 

 overtaken by disaster excavate an oval cell in which the final transformation 

 to the adult takes place. The small beetles escape from their retreats by 

 boring directly to the surface of the bark. 



Bibliography 

 1857 Fitch, Asa. Ins. N. V. 4th Rej/t 1857, p. 30-35 



1899 Hopkins, A. D. \V. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 56, p. 258, 342, 423 and 446 

 1903 Felt, E. P. For. Fish& Game Com. 7th Rcji't, p. 488-90 



Southern tomicus 



Toiiiicus cacographiis Lee. 



A small brown or blackish lylindric beetle abotit '3 inch long may frei|uently be 

 found boring the thinner bark of smaller pines and that of the limbs of larger trees. It 

 is usually associated in this work with one or more species belonging to this genus. 



This bark borer is a medium sized form which was specially abundant 

 in October 1900 at Manor L. I., where it attacked the hard pines which are 

 so abundant in that region. This beetle prefers the thinner bark of smaller 

 trees and also attacks the middle portion" of the trunk and the limbs of 

 larger pines. It is frequently associated in its destructive work with 

 Tomicus c a 1 1 i g r a p h II s Germ. 



This species was taken in August and September in considerable num- 



