IXSECTS ArFF.CTIXC, IWRK AND WOODI.ANI) TKEES 



393 



wood liohtly at tirst hut as tlu- oruhs increase in size tlu- wootl is entered 

 more cieepl\-, till nearl\- half the hurrow may he therein 



Natural enemies. This liith' insect appears to be kept well in check 

 by natural enemies, of whicli a number have been recorded. I )r Hopkins 

 lists the prcdaceous Phymatodera hi color Say as an associate 

 and C 1 e r u s q u a d r i s i g n a t u s .Sa)' \ar. n i g r i p e s Sa}' has been 

 observed under red cedar bark with this insect. Several small parasites 

 also prey on this species. S p a t h i u s canadensis Ashm., a species 



Fig. 92 Phloensi 

 small gallery and la 



of Pteromalus and a species of Eurytoma have been observed by Dr 

 Hopkins preying on this borer. The writer has reared another small 

 parasite from this insect which has been kindly determined by Mr Ashmead 

 as C a u d o n i a p i t y o p h t h o r i Ashm. 



Bibliography 



1890 Packard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com. 5th Rep't, p. 904-6 



1893 Hopkins, A. D. W. Va. Agric. Sta. Bui. 32, p. 185, 186, 213, 222, 224, 226 



1903 Felt, E. P. For. Fish and Game Com. 7th Rep't, p. 522-23 



