INSECTS AKI'ECTING I'AKK ANU WOODLAND TREES 423 



minute Chalcids bcloiv^iny to the genus Pteromalus and for wliicli, in case 

 the species proves undescribed, he proposed the name of 1'. n e m a t i c i d a. 

 He states that this bt;netkial species was so abundant as to infest nearly 

 every cocoon transmitted to liim by one correspondent. He also records 

 several plant bu<:;s, one similar to P o d i s u s s p i n o s u s Dallas, as preying 

 on the sawfly larvae. Dr Lintner observed this plant bug feeding on the 

 sawtly larvae. He states that the full grown caterpillars were fearlessly 

 seized and hrmh' held till their fluids were extracted. 



Remedial measures. There is very little that can be done in checking 

 this insect in native swamps. Valued trees on lawns can be protected from 

 injury by thorough spraying with an arsenical poison. It is very probable 

 that one of the prepared forms of arsenate of lead would prove most 

 effective. 



Bibliography 



1885 Fletcher, James. Ent. Soc (3nt. 15th Rep't, p. 72-77 



1889 Lintner, J. A. .State Ent., 5th Rep't, p. 164-73 



1890 Packard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com. 5th Rep't, p. 879-90 

 1893 Lintner, J. A. Ins. N. Y. 8th Rep't 1891, p. 168-69 



Pine needle gall fly 

 Cccidoinvia pini-rigidac Pack. 



The basal enlargement of shf)rtened, deformed jjitch pine needles contain at certain 

 seasons thick orange colored larvae. 



The work of this interesting gall fly was met with at Karner during 

 several years, though at no time was it excessively abundant. The attack 

 was in most cases confined to one or two tips on the tree and a considerable 

 proportion of the needles would be affected, indicating that the female 

 probably remains on one branch and deposits a large proportion of the 

 eggs at the base of adjacent developing needles [pi. 20, fig. 4]. This insect 

 was observed by its describer, Dr Packard, at Brunswick Me., in 1862 or 

 1863. He found the larvae in Septeinber of that year and states that when 

 fully developed it forsakes the gall, ascends to the terminal buds and 



