INSECTS AFFECTIXG I'AUK AND WUODLAND TUEES 543 



numerous at Brunswick Mc, as to seriously injure lindens on the campus of 

 Rowdoin Collei:;;e, accordin^^ to Dr Packard. Dr Fitch states that this 

 species feeds on elms throuyhout the season and is also common on willows. 

 Description. This insect has been described in its various sta^jes, by 

 Dr Packard as follows : 



/;Vv-. Rather large, oval cylindrical, yellow, several together attached 

 by one end ; about 1.5 mm in length. 



Larva. Body very thick, curvetl up like that of the grul> of the Colo- 

 rado potato beetle, being much swollen behind the thoracic segments, while 

 the tip of the abdomen is curved down. Head honey-yellow, darker over 

 the jaws ; antennae bluish, e.xcept at base; eyes black. Prothoracic shield 

 blackish in the young before the last molt ; in full grown individuals not all 

 black, but pale, with four irregularly square black spots. Body behind 

 dirty white with a row of dorsal and lateral dusky spots. Legs pale, 

 spotted with black at the joints. A pair of mesothoracic spiracles, and 

 eight pairs of smaller abdominal ones. Low down, on the sides of the sec- 

 ond and third thoracic segments a curvilinear black spot. Length, 8 to 

 9 mm. 



Pupa. Body pure white ; prothoracic shield with long scattered hairs 

 around the edge and in two groups on the back; antennae curving around 

 between the eyes and jaws, and with the ends resting on the tips of the 

 elytra. The insect undoubtedly descends into the earth to pupate. 



Beetle. Head, prothorax, and underside of body dark coppery green, 

 with scattered pits. Antennae, palpi, and legs pale pitchy yellow ; elytra 

 coppery green and whitish, the green forming a broad median stripe, send- 

 ing prolongations outwards toward the middle of the elytra, the first pair 

 of branches nearly parallel to the band, the second becoming more and more 

 at right angles to the band, the last short and broad near the tip of the 

 body. Eleven rounded dark green spots in the whitish field ; the pair 'near 

 the shoulders gourd-shaped ; two of the spots behind the middle of the 

 elytra touching each other. The pits or punctures near the sutures of the 

 elytra arranged in three lines parallel to the median line of union of the 

 body ; elsewhere they are arranged irregularly. 



Life history. Dr Packard states that the beetles may be found abroad 

 from May to June and that a second brood occurs in September and Octo- 

 ber. The grubs hatch from eggs deposited on the leaves in the spring, 

 attaining full growth toward the end of June in Massachusetts. The trans- 

 formation of the adult is believed by Dr Harris to occur in the ground. 

 Among natural enemies, Dr Hagen records Podisus spinosus Dall. 



