THE VINE. ] 473 



removal of a ring or shield with a healthy bud from 

 which the leaf and the side twig have been cut off about 

 8 or 10 days before, and the said ring or shield is in- 

 serted according to the ordinary method of budding, on 

 the green cane of the stock or subject. In the Salgues 

 method of green budding the shield is taken up with 

 some of the young cellular tissue to which the bark is 

 attached, and is inserted on the subject, properly tied, 

 and shaded off for some time by a leaf or a cone of 

 paper tied above it. Woody budding is still less used 

 than the preceding, and is performed in March or April, 

 making use of dormant buds to be inserted on the subject 

 whose sap is already in movement, and the shield or bud 

 is neatly cut off in a lozenge or boat- shape and inserted 

 on the subject on which a cross cut has been made on a 

 clean and even part of the stem and the bark turned up 

 just enough to allow the insertion of the bud ; or the bud 

 may be taken up with about half the entire thickness of 

 the wood and inserted on -the subject from which an 

 equivalent portion of its wood has been neatly removed 

 (inlayed budding). 



The various methods of grafting we e also classified 

 into two groups, (a) Ordinary woody or dormant graft- 

 ing, and (b) green or herbaceous grafting. Old established 

 vines are usually grafted at ground level, or if the stem 

 is too thick, grafting may be done on two or more of the 

 larger branches. In both cases the operation should be 

 performed towards the close of February or early in 

 March, only a few days before the buds begin to push, 

 as then the risk of failure will be greatly reduced ; and 

 the method adopted consists usually of cleft- grafting, in 

 which the subject is cleft partially (radially) or wholly 

 (diametrically) according as it is the object of the 

 operator to insert one or two scions. The scions are 

 selected of well ripened wood of the last year's growth, 

 with two or three good buds at short intervals, and 



