478 [ THE VINE. 



a sound bud, cut and notched in a manner to fit 

 perfectly with the cut and notch of the stock. It is 

 desirable that cut of the scion or node be made in such 

 a manner as to ensure that the grafted bud or node may 

 have the same position and direction on the stock as that 

 of the node with the terminal bud or shoot which has 

 has been removed as the first stage of the operation. 

 The stock and the scion are fitted together as perfectly 

 as possible, and the tongues are applied carefully and 

 evenly into their notches, but without exercising any 

 undue pressure, as any contusion may be fatal to the 

 success of the operation. The graft is then tied firmly 

 with raffia or twine and even besmeared with grafting 

 wax to prevent drying, or in the case of plants grafted 

 in the nursery bed the graft is tied firmly and simply 

 heaped up with earth, covering the scion or node to a. 

 depth of about 5 cm. The above is the method of 

 grafting generally adopted in the large establishments 

 of France and Italy. In these establishments grafting 

 is made invariably at the table, the particular in- 

 clination given to the cut being easily obtained by 

 the use of the so called Richter's rings, which consist 

 of a short metal tube cut obliquely at the required 

 angle and fixed horizontally en a pedestal which is 

 screwed to the table. Feyzelmeyer's machine, and 

 other grafting machines are also largely in use, and 

 with a little skill in their handling the operator is 

 enabled to proceed with the operation of grafting at 

 a quick rate. 



It is desirable that both the stock and the scion be 

 of the same thickness, so that the bark of the scion may 

 fit exactly with that of the stock all round the graft ; but 

 should the stock be thicker than the scion, it is enough 

 if the bark of the scion be made to fit exactly with that 

 of the stock on one side only, although of course the 

 chances of success are thereby reduced. 



