592 [ DISEASES OF THI VINE. 



Passeriniamim, Thum. causos similar dry spots, but the 

 black dots are formed on boih surfaces of the leaf. Ir- 

 regular purplish brown spots on the upper surface of the 

 leaf are produced by Septoria Badkami, Berk, et Hr. 

 Another species of the same ^enus, Sefitorui vineae. Pass, 

 causes the form ition of numberless small, irregular, red- 

 dish, brown spots, often disposed close together ;long the 

 margin of the leaf, with minute black dots within each 

 spot ; and a third species which also has not yet been 

 seen in our vineyards, but is frequent on American vines 

 is Septorin ampelina* Berk, et C., which causes numerous 

 light or pinkish brown spots, which later become darker 

 or black, killing the tissues of the leaf, and sometimes 

 unite together in large blotches. Alte^naria Vitis, Cav. 

 which so far has been noted only in Italy, causes the 

 formation of irregular ashy spots disposed along the 

 nerves on the upper surface of the leaf, which spots later 

 become dotted with the minute black fructifications. 

 Against these diseases which are generally so slight as 

 to pass unnoticed by the grower, the on y remedy is a 

 preventive one and consists in picking the diseased 

 foliage and burning it. 



A form of black-rot of the leaves and also of the 

 berries is due to the presence of Phoma micola, B. et C., 

 which is known to exist in America and also in France 

 and Italy. On the leaves this fungus causes the forma- 

 tion of roundish spots or blotches, of a light brown 

 colour, on which the black fructifications ar .* developed 

 often in concentric lines and on both surfaces of the leaf 

 On the berry the disease takes the form of a dark brown 

 depressed spot, on which small black pusuiLs are de- 

 veloped. This disease is of rebellious and recurrent 

 nature, and requires frequent sprayings with strong 

 Bordeaux mixture to keep ijt in check. 



Other species of fungi of minor importance, frequent 

 in France and Italy, but which do- not exist in these 



