618 [ DISEASES OF SMALL FRUITS. 



The American- gooseberry mildew, due to ^phaero- 

 theca Mois-Uvae, Berk is common enough in Northern 

 Europe, and so also is Microsphaeria Grosstilanae, Lev. 

 another mildew of minor importance. These fungi are 

 kept in check by spraying in winter with lime-sulphur 

 wash, or with a rather strong solution of liver of sulphur 

 or sulphide of potassium. Other fungi affecting- the goose- 

 berry in France and Germany, are : Aecidmm Grossula- 

 riae, Pers. which produces on the leaves small blotches 

 of a deep red colour, with pustules surrounded by a 

 whitish edge and filled with orange red spores, and 

 Cronartium rubicolum, Dietr. which develops on the 

 upper surfaces of the leaves as orange red pustules, with 

 small horn-like orange red productions on the under 

 surface. Melampsor i epitea, Thun. is another fungus 

 which produces large orange red powdery blotches on 

 the under surface of the leaf, but is much rarer than the 

 preceding two species. 



Phyllosticta Grossulariae, Sacc. is also found on the 

 foliage, and produces dry irregular serrated spots of a 

 greyish colour surrounded by a dark edge, and Sep(o>ia 

 Grossiilanae, Westd. produces similar spots of a rounded 

 shape, which are at first brown and then become grey 

 or whitish. Cercospora marginalis, Thum causes the 

 edges of the leaves to dry and b* come brown, and after- 

 wards the fructifications of the fungus develop as minute 

 black dots on the under surface. This disease has been 

 noted on local plants. Vermicularia Grossulwiae, Fckl. 

 develops as brown spots with dark brown pustules on the 

 fruits, which drop off immature. Aphis Grossulariae, 

 Kalt. has been noted on the growing twigs and tender 

 foliage of the gooseberry, and Sch'zoneura Grossul \riae, 

 Schule. is another Aphid, powdered with a waxy white 

 efflorescence, which attacks the roots. 



Aphis Grossuiariae, Kalt. of which the wingless 

 insects are green with blue spots, attacks also the cur- 



