DISEASES OF SMALL FRUITS. ] 619 



rants, which are moreover liable to suffer from other two 

 Aphids, viz : Aphis Ribis, L. and Siphonofchora nbicola, 

 Kalt. In the first species the wingless insects are of a 

 shining yellow, and in the other species the colour is 

 shining green. The fungi Aecidium Grossulariae, Pers., 

 Melampsora epitea, Thun. and Cronartium ribicolum, 

 Dietr. are also found on the currant. Other fungi at- 

 tacking the currant are : the currant rust, Puccinia 

 Ribis, D.C which develops as roundish dark brown 

 spots, surrounded by a yellow margin, with yellow spots 

 on the corresponding part of the under surface ; a downy 

 mildew, Percmospora ribico/a, Schroet., which develops 

 as yellowish spots with a downy formation on the under 

 surface ; Phyllosticta rtbicola, Sacc. which produces large 

 dry, white blotches ; and ^phaerella Ribis, Fuck, which, 

 forms small angular spots of a dark re'd colour. 



The "big-bud" of the currant is due to an Acaroid 

 viz : Phytoptus Ribis, Nal. which sets up an irritation, 

 causing the leaf buds to become unduly swollen in 

 autumn and winter, and the foliage which develops in 

 spring has a short stalk and is malformed and curled. 

 This disease is often very troublesome. The "big-buds" 

 should be picked off by hand in winter, and burned In 

 severe cases it will be necessary to cut down the plant 

 in winter, and to disinfect the stump and the soil around 

 it by means of lime milk made from fresh lime. An 

 aphid, Schizoneura Grossulariae, Schule., often attacks 

 the roots of the currant and may kill the plant. It is 

 kept in check by chimney sueepings or soot thickly 

 digged into the soil close to the stem and around 

 the plant, or by means of one or two injections of 30 

 grams of bisulphide of carbon, 20 c.m. deep in the soil 

 and about 20 c.m. away from the stem. 



The Raspberry is liable to the attacks of several 

 fungi. A mildew affecting the growing twigs and tender 

 foliage is brought about by Erysiphe Rubi, Fckl., and 



