DISEASES OF SMALL FRUITS. ] 621 



the strawberry rust, consisting in minute orange red 

 powdery pustules on the under surface of the leaf, which 

 afterwards develop into larger pustules of a yellow 

 colour, with other small black pustules intermixed ; 

 Stagonospora Fragariae, Br. et Har. which forms large 

 irregular brown blotches on the upper surface of the 

 leaf; and Peroiwspora Potentilloe, D. By. which pro- 

 duces yellowish green spots on the upper surface of the 

 leaf, with a thick downy formation of a whitish or purp- 

 lish white colour on the corresponding part of the lower 

 surface. Finally, Sphaerotheca Castagriei, Lev. is the 

 cause of a mildew consisting in a light powdery forma- 

 tion on the lower surface of the leaf, which is also usually 

 iTiOre or less wrinkled or curled. This disease is seen 

 occasionally on our strawberry plants growing in the 

 shade towards the close ot summer, but attacks also the 

 flower-stalks and the green fruit in early summer. The 

 best preventive treatment against these diseases consists 

 in good cultivation, and in dustings with flowers of 

 sulphur or in sprayings with cupric mixtures. 



Rkizobius Sonchi, Pass, lives on the roots, sucking 

 the juices, and interferes seriously with the growth of 

 the plant. Another insect, a species of Dactylopius, 

 lives on the foliage, on the leaf- stalks and flower-stalks, 

 and the neck of the plant close to the roots. Various 

 species of Lecanium, and sometimes also Ceraplastes 

 Rusci, the well known fig-scale, are found on the foliage 

 of the strawberry in these Islands. Another scale- 

 insect, Aleurodes Fragariae, Walk, attacks the straw- 

 berry in Italy, France and Germany, but is unknown 

 here. 



The larvae of various small moths of the genus 

 NepticuJa make irregular tunnels in the substance of 

 the leaf ; and the larvae of other moths such as 7 eras 

 cowarianct, ZelL, Psyche viciella, Schiff. and Lampronia 

 praelatella, Schiff., prey on the foliage, living isolated 



