242 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY 



study. He is directed to prepare a descrip- 

 tion according to the formulas suggested in 

 Chapter IV. In order to do this he must ex- 

 amine the specimens closely, critically, point 

 by point. He is developing his power of 

 observation one of the most fundamental 

 processes in education, yet one in which the 

 most advanced students need constant train- 

 ing. 



The pupil goes over the specimens char- 

 acter by character. He studies size, form, 

 markings. He should be required to make 

 drawings showing what he sees. Students 

 who do these things in other departments of 

 biologic science say that they are studying 

 morphology. Morphology is a fine word, and 

 stands for an important kind of study; but in 

 no science can the student have a better drill 

 in it than in this work in pomology. 



If, in addition to the specimens of Sheldon 

 pear, the pupil is given some samples of An- 

 jou and of Winter Nelis, with the direction 

 that he shall learn to distinguish the three 

 varieties with speed and certainty on sight, 

 then his study assumes another phase. He 

 compares each character of each variety with 

 the corresponding character of the other vari- 



