SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESIS OF TISSUES INTO ORGANS. 239 



tend they are side by side, producing a very compact, 

 hard, strong cord or expanded membrane, called, in the 

 former case, tendon, in the latter, aponeurosis. 



456. WHEN THE MUSCLE is TO ACT UPON SOFT 

 PARTS, the sheaths of its fasciculi blend directly with 

 the part which is to be acted upon, and no tendon is 

 necessary. 



457. THE FASCICULI MAY ALSO BECOME ATTACHED by 

 one extremity to the enclosing sheath of the muscle 

 they form. 



458. DIVISIONS OF THE TENDON frequently extend 

 into the muscle, making divisions of it, to each side of 

 which the fasciculi can be attached. 



459. THE TENDONS ARE ATTACHED TO THE SKELETON 

 by having their fibres become continuous with those of 

 the fibrous or sinewy membrane (periosteum) covering 

 the bones, or with the fibres of the ligaments. 



460. THE TENDONS SOMETIMES EXTEND along in 

 grooves in the bones, or turn around ligaments, or move 

 over places where friction is likely to occur. 



461. BURS^E ARE small bags or cells composed of 

 sinewy membrane, and lined with serous, secretory tissue 

 placed at different points, to prevent the friction that 

 would otherwise be caused by tendons. Their form is 

 in accordance with the place they are to occupy. 



462. Illus. Behind the third finger, at the edge of the palm, (1, 

 Fig. 176) under the skin and a ligament, A BURSA OP AN HOURGLASS FORM 

 is LOCATED ; by pressing on the front part of it, its contained fluid is 

 pressed back, and produces a little swelling easily noticed and felt. 



463. Remark. The bursa, from some cause, sometimes becomes 

 distended by fluid, feels very hard, and is sometimes mistaken for an en- 

 largement of a bone. Weakness of the part is the usual attendant. It 

 is called WEEPING SINEW, or sometimes a ganglion. It is easily cured. 

 The best thing to do at first is to bind something hard upon it for seve- 

 ral days, when, if it do not disappear, recourse should be had to a sur- 

 geon, who will, by a slight operation, remove it. 



456. What said ? 457. How ? 458. What said of ? 459. How ? 460. How 

 do ? 461. What ? 462. Where ? 468. What is ? 



