3 TO DETAILED SYNTHESIS. 



1146. THE OIL OB SEBACEOUS GLANDS are purse- 

 shaped pouches of basement membrane, lined with cells, 

 opening usually into the hair-follicle, and pouring their 

 oily secretions out by the side of the hair (Fig. 248), 

 and in other cases on the surface of the skin. 



FIG. 248. 1147. THE USE OF THE OIL-FOL- 



LICLES is to supply oil to promote the 

 softness and flexibility of the skin 

 and hair. 



1148. The oil being formed from 

 the Blood, a free circulation of it is 



ESSENTIAL TO THE FORMATION OF THE 



OIL. 



1149. Inf. RUBBING AND BRUSHING THE 

 SKIN, and keeping it warm, will promote the 

 formation of oil. 



1150. Remark. THE TENDENCY OF COLD 

 WEATHER, and much washing of the skin with 



alcalies, is to prevent the formation of oil, and to remove it faster than 

 it can be re-formed, especially if the alcalies are strong and applied so 

 long that the oil is drawn out of the glands as well as removed from the 

 surface. Then the skin cracks or chaps, and the hair becomes dry. For 

 the skin, in such cases, one of the best things is an ointment of honey, 

 lard, and sweet oil, one third each ; and for the hair, the best artificial 

 application is lard, sweet oil, sweet almond oil, and castor oil, mixed 

 with a little borax water ; each article should be pure ; the proportions 

 vary with the season, being such as will make a cream. The very best 

 oil is that furnished by the head itself. 



1151. THE HAIR-FOLLICLES are short tubes lined 

 with cells, the lower ones of which grow up into the 

 hairs themselves, becoming scales at the surface of the 

 hairs, and remaining more pulpy within. 



1152. THE USE OF THE HAIRS is in some cases orna- 

 mental, in some protective, as well as eliminatory, and 

 in others it appears to be only the latter. 



1153. THE HAIRS GROW from the Blood; and only 

 such causes as supply it with appropriate material and 



1146. What said of ? 1147. What is ? 1148. Whatis ? 1149. What said-? 

 1150. What is ? 1151. What said of ? 1152. What is ? 1158. From what 



