SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESIS OF ORGANS INTO APP. 391 



1276. The air gushing between the 

 vocal cords is thrown into vibrations, 

 and all THE VOWEL-TONES OP THE VOICE 



ARE THUS PRODUCED. 



Fig. 252. Upper view of and through the larynx. 

 1, 2, thyroid ; 3, vocal cords ; 4, glottis, or opening 

 between 3 ; 5, arytenoides ; 6, muscle. 



1277. THE THIRD PROCESS CONSISTS in the modula- 

 tions of the tones and in articulations of the breath, 

 which are produced by the muscles of the back and front 

 mouth, these being entirely under mental control. 



1278. THE APPARATUS OF SPEECH MAY BE CLASSED 

 under three heads, Detonator^ Intonatory, and Articu- 

 latory^ each of which requires distinct attention and 

 exercise. 



1279. THE FORMER TWO ARE ASSOCIATED in breath- 

 ing, and should therefore be, as they are, associated with 

 the same involuntary nervous centres (see Fig. 192) ; 

 hence they work easily together. 



1280. It IS TO BE PARTICULARLY NOTICED that the 



latter is not in any involuntary action associated with 

 the former two, but that there is a converse relation. 



1281. Him. When the mouth is in use, it is naturally associated 

 with the pharynx and oasophagus, and the larynx is to be closed while 

 what is swallowed passes over it. 



1282. Inf. Articulate speech is not therefore natural, but is an 

 invention of man, and can exist only where there is a mind. Animals 

 do not speak articulately, not because they have not articulating organs, 

 out because they have not mind : all the articulating details must be 

 attended to by the mind. 



1283. Remark. NATURAL SPEECH, that of the emotions, is merely 

 that of detonation and intonation (naturally associated), except so far as 

 acts of singing are concerned, or the mere opening of the mouth, as in 

 lowing, bleating, etc. Hence it will be noticed that stammerers can sing 

 unhesitatingly, because the mouth is open in natural harmony with the 

 action of the intonatory and detonatory organs. It is also noticeable 

 that the best singers often do not articulate well. 



1276. How are ? 1277. in what? 1278. How may ? 1279. How are ? 

 1280. What-? 1281.I11US. 1282. Inf. 1283. What said of ? 



