THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 



27 



OUTLINE. 

 THE MUSCLES. 



f The lean flesh of the body. 

 Color, red. Number, 527. 

 Composed of many fibers. 

 Shapes : long, fan-shaped, flat and circular. 

 Bound to the bones by tendons. 

 WHAT? ^ Voluntary and involuntary. 

 Have power of contraction. 

 Swell out when they shorten. 

 Antagonists produce counter motion. 

 Flexors bend, extensors straighten. 

 I Are kept healthy by exercise. 



WHERE? -^ Found distributed in all parts of the body. 



WHY? 



To give motion to all parts of the body by the 

 contraction and relaxation of their fibers. 



SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 



In these lessons, whether you teach them by oral exercises 

 or in recitation by the pupils, you can add much interest and 

 practical instruction by bringing before your class illustrations 

 of the real working of the parts or organs which are being 

 studied. This can often be done very conveniently, and will 

 contribute much to the pupils' knowledge of the functions or 

 use of the organs (physiology), while the Anatomical Aid gives 

 them a correct view of the structure (anatomy) of the parts. In 

 studying the muscles, especially, such real examples of their 

 work are very easily given. Name and point out on the plate 

 a certain muscle. Make it serve your will as your pupils look 

 on. Then let the class, in concert, join you in the perform- 

 ance. Wrinkle the forehead, close the eyes, pucker the mouth, 

 swell the cheeks, raise the arm, etc. This will make the 

 information which is imparted "stick," because it is stored 

 in the mind among the pleasures of memory. 



The "drum-stick" of a chicken which some pupil may 

 like to contribute will, at this stage, furnish a very good object- 



