CHAPTER XI 
THE MEASUREMENT OF MAKE SHOCKS 
IN order that the scheme for making induction shocks 
quantitatively useful may be complete, a method for 
measuring make shocks must be added to the one already 
developed for break shocks. The method to be pre- 
sented in this chapter is based wholly on experimental 
comparisons between make shocks and break shocks 
by the v. Fleischl method previously described (p. 56). 
That it is valid can scarcely be doubted in view of the 
large number of concordant experiments which support 
it.* 
The expression for make shocks should, of course, be 
directly comparable with the one previously developed 
for break shocks. The factors of secondary resistance 
and cathode surface affect makes and breaks alike. We 
may take as a starting point from which to develop a 
formula for make shocks, therefore, the expression for 
break shocks which takes account of neither of these 
factors, namely Z = The problem to be solved is 
LJ 
how this expression must be modified so that the value 
* Martin: Am. Jour, of Physiology, 1909, xxiv, p. 276 et seq. 
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