96 INDUCTION SHOCKS 
for expressing the relationship mathematically in the 
simplest possible fashion, namely through the introduc- 
tion of a single factor into the break shock formula, 
which when introduced would cause it to give equal 
values for Z for equal make stimuli. Study of the 
data showed that the factor to be introduced must be 
M 
relatively larger the smaller the value of , and must 
jL* 
M 
tend to diminish A constant number has this effect 
j^t 
if it is subtracted from - The formula modified in 
is 
accordance with this idea becomes 
In practically every experiment of a large series some 
number could be selected to be substituted for K in 
formula (i) with a fairly constant value of Z resulting. 
For each experiment the value of K had to be deter- 
mined empirically, and it varied widely in different ex- 
periments. In all the experiments the values of K were 
negligibly small in comparison with the values of for 
it 
secondary positions of 1 2 cm. or less. 
The discovery of the above formula is a decided step 
toward the ultimate solution of the problem of measur- 
* To distinguish between break stimuli and make stimuli the former 
are represented by Zb, the latter by Z m . 
