64 GEOLOGY AND HISTORY 



and a less genial climate in the early historic period. 

 The older races are those usually classed as palaeolithic, 

 and are supposed to antedate the period of polished 

 stone ; but this may, to some extent, be a prejudice 

 of collectors, who have arrived at a foregone conclu- 

 sion as to distinctions of this kind. Judging from 

 the great cranial capacity of the older race and the 

 small number of their skeletons found, it might be fair 

 to suppose that they represent rude outlying tribes 

 belonging to nations which elsewhere had attained 

 to greater population and culture. 



Lastly, all of these old European races were 

 Turanian, Mongolian, or American in their head-forms 

 and features, as well as in their habits, implements, 

 and arts. In other words, their nearest affinities were 

 with races of men which in the modern world are the 

 oldest and most widely distributed. 



The reader, reflecting on what he has learned 

 from history, may be disposed here to ask, Must 

 we suppose Adam to have been one of these 

 Turanian men, like the ' Old Man of Cro-magnon ' ? In 

 answer, I would say that there is no good reason to 

 regard the first man as having resembled a Greek 

 Apollo or an Adonis. He was probably of sterner 

 and more muscular mould. But he was probably 

 more akin to the more delicate and refined race 

 represented by the solitary skull of Truchere, while 

 the gigantic palaeocosmic men of the European caves 

 are more likely to have been representatives of 

 that terrible and powerful race who filled the ante- 



