SUBDIVISIONS AND CONDITIONS 71 



within the palanthropic age, and this dependent on 

 or accompanied by a change of climate. The earlier 

 elephant of the period (E. antiquus) and its companion 

 animals are believed to have been suited to a warm 

 climate, and to have entered Europe from the south- 

 east. With, or immediately after, them came man, 

 and this conclusion harmonises with human phy- 

 siology, for we know that man must have originated 

 in a warm climate, and must in the first place have 

 been a feeder on fruits and grains or other nutritious 



TOOTH OF CAVE BEAR, WITH ENGRAVING OF A SEAL, FROM A 



COLLAR FOUND AT SORDES, PYRENEES (after Carthaillac) 



vegetable products. In this early stage he would 

 be nearly destitute of implements and weapons. But 

 in the succeeding cold period, one tribe after another 

 might be obliged to resort to hunting habits, to the 

 use of fire and of clothing, and of natural and arti- 

 ficial shelter. Hence the peculiarities of the cave 

 men, who, while they advanced in art, may have also 

 advanced in ferocity and warlike habits, under the 

 pressure of necessity and competition. Hence also 

 their association more and more closely with such 



