THE DISPERSION 195 



the celebrated Capuan bust of Hannibal reminds us 

 of the features of the old Hyksos kings of Egypt, 

 who were no doubt of Hamite or Turanian stock. 



Finally, what relation does the record in Genesis x. 

 bear to the prehistoric peoples of the neanthropic 

 age ? These must have been in the main the ad- 

 vanced colonists and straggling adventurers of the 

 leading lines of migration. We find such people 

 recorded in the Pentateuch, and also in the caverns 

 and shelters of Phoenicia, as preceding the Canaan- 

 ites in Syria ; and such nomads and hunters must 

 have streamed out into Europe and Africa in advance 

 of the more settled and slowly advancing agricultural 

 peoples. At first they must have been few, rude, and 

 users of stone implements only, living chiefly by 

 hunting and fishing ; but some of them may have 

 taken with them domestic animals and seeds of grains, 

 and so have established here and there civilised com- 

 munities. In later times, new colonists and commerce 

 introduced among them bronze and iron and more 

 advanced arts. Thus these early neanthropic peoples 

 belonged to one or other of the great lines of migra- 

 tion indicated in our old record ; though by virtue of 

 physical changes and dialectic differences induced by 

 isolation and new conditions of life, and which in 

 such circumstances would arise with a rapidity un- 

 exampled in later times, as well as the want of 

 historical annals, it has in many cases become difficult 

 or impossible precisely to trace their affinities. Even 

 in Palestine, at the time of the Exodus, peoples of 



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