BARROTIA 



99 



BASKETS 



B. afuta'ngula. 20. Purple. Moluccas. 1822. Syns. 



Stravadium acutangulum and rubrum. 

 Buto'ntca. 30. Scarlet. Indian Archipelago. 1786. 

 ,. echina'ta (hedgehog-/*/**). See COMMERSONIA 



PLATYPHYLLA. 



,, tnsi gnu (remarkable). Malaya. 

 .. plafyphyila (broad-leaved). See COMMERSONIA PLA- 

 TYPHYLLA. 



,, r. :emo'sa (raceme-/Iot*Tf). 30. Red. Moluccas. 



1820. 

 ., specw'sa (showy). See B. BUTONICA. 



BAREO TIA PANCHE RL See PAXDASUS. 



BARTHOLI NA. (Named after Bartholin. a Danish 

 physiologist. Nat. ord. Orchids [Orchidaceae]. Linn. 

 zo^Gynnndna, i-Monosynia. Allied to Serapias.) 



One of those terrestrial orchids from the Cape which 

 British gardeners have not yet succeeded in cultivating 

 easily. Greenhouse orchid ; division of the root ; sandy 

 loam. Summer temp., 60 to 70 ; winter, 45. 



B. pectina'ta (comb-leaved), x. Lilac. November. 

 Cape of Good Hope. 1787. 



BARTO NIA. (Named after Dr. Barton, an American 

 botanist. Nat. ord. Loasads [Loasaceae]. Linn, iz-Ico- 

 tandria, i-Monogynia. Now referred to Mentzelia, 

 which see.) 



Half-hardy plants ; seeds ; the biennials should be 

 sown in summer, and protected in a cold pit during the 

 winter ; the annuals may be sown in the open air, in 

 April, or in a slight hotbed, and transplanted ; most of 

 them delight in a sandy soil and a little peat. B. au'rea 

 does best where the soil is peaty and moist. 



ANNUALS. 



B. albc'scens (white-stalked). 2. White. Chili. 1831. 

 aura (golden-flowered). California. 1834. See 

 MENTZELIA LINDLEYI. 



BIENNIALS. 



B. nu'da (naked-seeded). See MENTZELIA NUDA. 

 orna'ta (ornamented). Syu. B. decapetala. See 

 MENTZELIA ORXATA. 



BARTSIA. (Named after /. Bartch, M.D. Nat. ord. 

 Figworts [Scrophulariaceae]. Linn. n-Didynamia, 2- 

 i Angiospermia. Allied to Euphrasia.) 



These require the treatment of choice alpines ; hardy 

 annual^ except alpina, which is perennial ; seeds in 

 April, on rock-work. 



B. alpina (alpine). |. Purple. August. Britain. 

 cocci' nea. See CASTILLEJA COCCINEA. 

 ,, lahfo'lia (broad-leaved). i. Purple. August. 



South of Europe. 

 Iv't&i (yellow), ij. Purple. August. S. Europe. 



1816. 



Odonti'tes (odontites). f. Pink. August. Britain. 

 purpu'rea (purple), f. Purple. August. Europe. 



1=26. 

 visco'sa (clammy). J. Yellow. July. Britain. 



BARWOOD. Ba'phia ni'tida. 

 BARYO SMA, See BARO'SHA. 



BASANACATfTHA. (Frcm basanos, a trial, or ordeal, 

 and acantha, a spine ; probably an ordeal plant of the 

 natives. Nat. ord. Rubiace*. Allied to Posoqueria.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings in sand in bottom- 

 heat. Loam, peat, and sand. 



B. arma'ta (armed). 7. White. May. Trop. Amer. 

 1818. 



BASE LLA. Malabar Nightshade. Its Malabar name. 

 (Nat. ord. BaseUads [Chenopodiaceae]. Linn. $-Pfn- 

 ttmdna, i-Trigynia.) 



B. alba and ru'bra are used as spinach in the East 

 Indies ; and B. ru'bra yields a rich purple dye ; not 

 easily fixed, however. Stove biennials, except where 

 otherwise specified, and mostly climbers. If sown in 

 good heat in February, and treated as a border annual, 

 they will flower freely the same season ; rich, lumpy soil. 



B. alba (white). See B. RUBRA. 

 cordifo'lia (heart-leaved). See B. RUBRA. 

 lu 'cida (shining). See B. RUBRA. 



B. margina'ta (bordered). See BOUSSINGAULTIA BASEL- 



LOIDES. 



ni'gra (black). See B. RUBRA. 

 ramo'sa (branchy). See B. RUBRA. 

 ru'bra (red). 8. Pink. August. E. Ind. 1731. 

 a'&a. 8. White. August. E. Ind. 1688. 

 cordifo'lia. 6. Pale purple. August. E. Ind. 

 1802. 



lu'tida. 6. White. August. E. Ind. 1802. 

 ni'gra. 3. White. August. China. 1822. 

 ramo'sa. 6. August. 

 tubero'sa (tuberous). See ULLUCUS TUBEROSUS. 



BASIL. (CTcim-urn.) There are two kinds, the Sweet- 

 scented (O. Basi'licum) and the Dwarf-bush (O. mi'ni- 

 mum). The young leaf -tops are the parts made use of 

 in soups and salads, their flavour resembling that of 

 cloves. 



The supply is never-failing during summer, as they 

 shoot out rapidly for successional supplies. 



Sow on a very gentle hotbed, under glass, about the 

 end of March or first of April, to raise plants for the 

 principal or main crop. The frame should be filled up 

 with earth to within three or four inches of the glass, or 

 very shallow frames may be used for purposes as these. 

 When the plants are up, give a little air by tilting the 

 lights ; and, as they advance, and the weather is warmer, 

 give them more air, until the lights may be taken off 

 altogether during the day, and put on at night. By the 

 above management, good, hardened plants will be fit 

 for planting out towards the end of May, or beginning of 

 June, into warm borders, or beds of light, rich earth. If 

 the weather be dry at the time of planting out, let the 

 beds be well watered previously to planting, and plant in 

 the evening. Lift the young plants from the seed-bed 

 with a tTinall fork or trowel, and plant them out with 

 care, eight or ten inches from plant to plant each way, 

 and water them, to settle the earth to the roots. Attend 

 to earth-stirring, and water when required, until the 

 plants are well established. If green tops are required 

 for earlier use, sow in pots, pans, or boxes, and place in 

 any heated structure. 



To obtain Seed. Some of the earliest-raised plants must 

 be left ungathered from. These flower from July to 

 September, and, accordingly, ripen their seed in early 

 or late autumn. 



BASINING-UP. Banking-up is the term now usually 

 applied. By this term is meant raising a small bank 

 of earth entirely round a plant, so as to retain water 

 immediately about the roots. 



BASKETS, employed by the London gardeners, being 

 made of osier or deal shavings, vary triflingly in size 

 more than measures made of less flexible materials. 

 They are as follows : 



Sea-kale punnets eight inches diameter at the top, 

 and seven inches and a half at the bottom, and two 

 inches deep. 



Mushroom punnets seven inches by one inch. 



Salading punnets five inches by two inches. 



Half sieve contains three imperial gallons and a half. 

 It averages twelve inches and a half diameter, and six 

 inches in depth. 



Sieve contains seven imperial gallons. Diameter, 

 fifteen inches ; depth, eight inches. These baskets are 

 still in use. 



Bushel basket ought, when heaped, to contain an 

 imperial bushel. Diameter at bottom, ten inches ; at 

 top, fourteen inches and a half ; depth, seventeen inches. 

 The Sussex Bushel basket holds eight imperial gallons 

 when filled up to just below the rim of the basket. 

 Walnuts, nuts, apples, and potatoes are sold by this 

 measure. A bushel of the last named, cleaned, weighs 

 fifty-six pounds ; but four pounds additional are allowed 

 if they are not washed. Potatoes are now nearly always 

 sold by weight. After many tests we find seven pounds 

 is equal to a gallon, and there is little variation. 



Strawberry baskets, cross-handle baskets holding from 

 four to five pounds, are extensively used by the growers in 

 the south-west of England ; they are also used for currants 

 and gooseberries, but do not yet appear to have come into 

 general use among the Kent growers. They are, how- 

 ever, very convenient. 



BASKETS (RUSTIC). These are often suitable orna- 

 ments for the reception of flowering-plants upon lawns, 



