BELLIDIASTRUM 



108 



BERBERIS 



or frame being now more in use, even for Erica cuttings 

 the Bell glasses are now dispensed with. Yet there is a 

 revival of the French method of protecting early spring 

 crops with " cloches " (or large bell glasses). It is, 

 however, doubtful if they can come into general use, 

 the expense from breakage, &c., being too great. 



BELLIDIA'STRUM. (From bellis, a daisy, and 

 astrum, a star ; being star-like. Nat. ord. Composites 

 [Composite?]. Linn. ig-Syngenesia, z-Superflua. Now 

 referred to Aster.) 

 B. Miche'lii (Micheli's). See ASTER BELLIDIASTRUM. 



BE LLIS. The Daisy. (From bellus, pretty ; referring 

 to the flowers. Nat. ord. Composites [Composite] . 

 Linn. ig-Syngenesia, 2-Superflua.) 



All the cultivated kinds are hardy herbaceous peren- 

 nials. Seeds, but chiefly division of the roots ; common 

 soil. 



B. hy'brida (hybrid). See B. PERENNIS. 

 integrifo'lia (entire-leaved). |. White, pink. July. 



Texas. 1801. 

 pcre'nnis (perennial). J. White. June. Britain. 



This is the common Daisy. 

 ,, aucubafo'lia (Aucuba-leaved). J. Red. Leaves 



creamy-yellow veined. 

 cons-pi 'cua (conspicuous). Red. 

 ,, ,, fistulo'sa (piped, double-quilled). See B. P. TUBU- 



LOSA. 



,, ,, horte'nsis (garden, large-double}. J. Red. June. 

 ,, proli'fera (proliferous). J. Striped. June. Com- 

 monly called The Hen and Chickens. 

 tubulo'sa (tubular). J. Double-quilled. Red. 

 ,, rotundifo'lia (round leaved). . White. Algeria. 



1873- 



,, ccerule' scens (round-leaved blue). J. Pale lilac- 

 blue. Algeria. 1873. The Blue Daisy. 

 sylve'stris (wood), f. White. June. Portugal. 



1797- 



It is curious that the daisy is not more cultivated and 

 crossed by florists and amateurs. It is quite as capable 

 of improvement as the chrysanthemum. The continental 

 florists have not treated it with similar neglect ; and 

 M. Van Houtte, of Ghent, has more than twenty distinct 

 varieties in his catalogue white, pink, and variegated ; 

 quilled, red-disked, and double. In recent years English 

 growers have given more attention to these attractive 

 flowers, and we have some very fine varieties. 



BE'LLIUM. (From bellis, a daisy ; the flowers being 

 like the daisy. Nat. ord. Composites [Composite]. 

 Linn. ig-Syngenesia, z-Superflua.) 



Seeds and divisions ; sandy soil, and a little peat. 

 B. bellidioi'des (daisy-like). J. White. July. Italy. 



1796. Hardy annual. 

 crassifo'lium (thick-leaved). J. Whitish- yellow. 



June. Sardinia. 1831. Half-hardy perennial. 

 ., interme'dium (intermediate). . White. August. 



Hardy herbaceous perennial. 



,, minu'tum (minute), i. White. August. Levant. 

 1772. Hardy herbaceous perennial. 



BELLOWS. The bellows formerly used for the fumi- 

 gating with Tobacco have quite gone out of use, but we 

 have various designs of a smaller size which are used for 

 distributing the different powder insecticides. There 

 are also various other distributors of powder insecticides. 

 See notes on FUMIGANTS and INSECT PESTS. 



BELL PEPPER. Cap'sicwn gros'sum. 



BELLI!' CIA. (A handsome, evergreen, stove shrub 

 or tree, belonging to the nat. ord. of Melastomads 

 [Melastomaceas]. It is propagated by firm cuttings in 

 sand in a close case. Loam, peat, and sand.) 



B. Auble'tii (Aublet's). Flesh-coloured and white. 

 Guiana. 1820. 



BELOPE'RONE. (From belos, an arrow, and perone. 

 a band, or strap ; in reference to the arrow-shaped 

 connectivum. Nat. ord. Acanthads [Acanthacea?]. Linn. 

 z-Diandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Justicia.) 



Stove evergreen shrubs. Cuttings ; light loam. Pot 



in loam and leaf-mould with sand and a little manure 



added. Summer temp., 60 to 70 ; winter, 45 to 55. 



B. angustifto'ra (narrow-flowered). Purple- violet. Trop. 



Amer. 1908. 



B. atropurpu'rea (dark purple). 2. Dark purple. 

 Brazil. 



auranti'aca (orange). S. Amer. 



caracasa'na (Caraccas). 5. Violet. May. Caraccas. 

 1822. Trailer. 



cilia' to, (ciliated). See DIANTHERA. 



,, nemoro'sa (grove). 2. Purple. May. W. Ind. 1795. 



,, oblonga'ta (oblong-leaved). 3. Rosy-purple. Sep- 

 tember. Brazil. 1832. 



plumbaginifo'lia (Leadwort-leaved). 3. Brazil. 



,. viola'cea (violet). 3. Violet. Mexico. 1859. 



BELOSPE'RMA ATROPURPU'KEA. See SIMONSIA 



CHRYSOPHYLLA. 



BENDING- DOWN. This term is chiefly applied to 

 the bending of the annual or other shoots of fruit-trees, 

 for the purpose of making them fruitful, or to make 

 them assume some desired form. Balls of clay have 

 been fastened to the extremities of the shoots, to weigh 

 them down into the position required ; but the most 

 desirable mode is by fastening them by a string to pegs 

 driven into the ground. 



BENGAL QUINCE. M'gle Marme'los. 



BENJAMIN-TREE. Fi'cus Benjami'na and Linde'ra 

 Benzo'in. 



BENTHAMIA. (Named after Mr. Bentham, a dis- 

 tinguished English botanist. Nat. ord. Cornels [Corna- 

 ceas]. Linn. ^-Tetrandria, i-Monogynia. Now referred 

 to Cornus.) 



Hardy evergreen shrubs. Layers ; seeds where pro- 

 curable ; loam ; does in a sheltered place. 



B. flo'rida (flowery). See CORNUS. 

 fragi'fera (strawberry- fruited). See C. CAPITATA. 

 ,, japo'nica (Japanese). See C. KOUSA. 



It is doubtful whether B. fragi'fera will endure pur 

 winters unprotected, except in our southern counties. 

 It ripens its fruit against a wall in Devonshire. It is like 

 a raspberry, and ornamental, but not eatable. 



BENTTNCKIA. (A genus of Palms. Nat. ord. 

 Palmaceae.) 



Handsome feather-leaved Palms, with finely cut 

 segments. Seeds. Sandy loam and a little peat. Temp., 

 55 to 60 in winter ; 70 to 80 in summer. 



B. Condapa'nna (Condapanna). India. 

 nicoba'rica (Nicobar). 2 to 70. Leaves 6 to 8 feet long ; 

 leaflets 2 feet. Nicobar Islands. (Sand. Cat., 

 1895, 46.) 



BERA'RDIA. (Named after M. Berard, a encrust 

 of Montpelier. Nat. ord. Bruniads [Bruniaceae]. Linn. 

 5-Pentandria, i-Monogynia. Now referred to Raspalia.) 



B. globo'sa (globose). 2. White. July. 1816. 

 ,, microphy'lla (small-leaved). See RASPALIA MICRO- 



PHYLLA. 



,, palea'cea (chaffy). See NEBELIA PALEACEA. 

 phylicoi'des (Phylica-like). See RASPALIA PASSERI- 

 NOIDES. 



BERA'RDIA. (Named after M. Berard. Nat. ord. 

 Composites [Composite]. This is the true Berardia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennial. Seeds. Well drained, 

 good garden soil, on a rockery. 



B. subacau'lis (nearly stemless). J. Whitish, solitary, 

 large. Mountains of France. 



BERBERIDO PSIS. (From Berberis, the Barberry, and 

 opsis, like ; the shrub being somewhat like a Barberry. 

 Nat. ord. Berberidacea?.) 



Handsome, evergreen shrub, hardy in the south and 

 west, but requiring the protection of a wall in the mid- 

 lands and north. Seeds or cuttings with a heel in spring 

 in cold frame. Layers in August to October. Ordinary 

 soil, well drained. 



B. coralii'na. 6 to 10. Crimson-red. Chili. 1862. 



BERBERIS. The Barberry. (From berbery s. its 

 Arabian name. Nat. ord. Berberids [Berberidacea?]. 

 Linn. 6-Hexandria, i-Monogynia.) 



We have reunited with this genus all the species 

 separated from it, and called Mahonias. Seeds, sown in 

 spring ; cuttings root freely if planted early in autumn ; 

 and suckers are abundantly produced. Grafting is 



